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Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses

The health effects of saturated fat, particularly tropical oil, on cardiovascular disease are unclear. We investigated the effect of tropical oil (palm and coconut oils), lard, and other common vegetable oils (soybean and rice bran oils) that are widely used in tropical and Asian countries on lipid...

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Autores principales: Unhapipatpong, Chanita, Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai, Kasemsup, Vijj, Siriyotha, Sukanya, Warodomwichit, Daruneewan, Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan, Vathesatogkit, Prin, Sritara, Piyamitr, Thakkinstian, Ammarin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8148021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051549
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author Unhapipatpong, Chanita
Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai
Kasemsup, Vijj
Siriyotha, Sukanya
Warodomwichit, Daruneewan
Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan
Vathesatogkit, Prin
Sritara, Piyamitr
Thakkinstian, Ammarin
author_facet Unhapipatpong, Chanita
Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai
Kasemsup, Vijj
Siriyotha, Sukanya
Warodomwichit, Daruneewan
Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan
Vathesatogkit, Prin
Sritara, Piyamitr
Thakkinstian, Ammarin
author_sort Unhapipatpong, Chanita
collection PubMed
description The health effects of saturated fat, particularly tropical oil, on cardiovascular disease are unclear. We investigated the effect of tropical oil (palm and coconut oils), lard, and other common vegetable oils (soybean and rice bran oils) that are widely used in tropical and Asian countries on lipid profiles. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane) were searched up to December 2018 without language restriction. We identified nine meta-analyses that investigated the effect of dietary oils on lipid levels. Replacement of polyunsaturated fatty-acid-rich oils (PUFAs) and monounsaturated FA-rich oils (MUFAs) with palm oil significantly increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), by 3.43 (0.44–6.41) mg/dL and 9.18 (6.90–11.45) mg/dL, respectively, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), by 1.89 (1.23–2.55) mg/dL and 0.94 (−0.07–1.97) mg/dL, respectively. Replacement of PUFAs with coconut oil significantly increased HDL-c and total cholesterol –by 2.27 (0.93–3.6) mg/dL and 5.88 (0.21–11.55) mg/dL, respectively—but not LDL-c. Substituting lard for MUFAs and PUFAs increased LDL-c–by 8.39 (2.83–13.95) mg/dL and 9.85 (6.06–13.65) mg/dL, respectively—but not HDL-c. Soybean oil substituted for other PUFAs had no effect on lipid levels, while rice bran oil substitution decreased LDL-c. Our findings show the deleterious effect of saturated fats from animal sources on lipid profiles. Replacement of unsaturated plant-derived fats with plant-derived saturated fats slightly increases LDL-c but also increases HDL-c, which in turn may exert a neutral effect on cardiovascular health.
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spelling pubmed-81480212021-05-26 Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses Unhapipatpong, Chanita Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Kasemsup, Vijj Siriyotha, Sukanya Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan Vathesatogkit, Prin Sritara, Piyamitr Thakkinstian, Ammarin Nutrients Systematic Review The health effects of saturated fat, particularly tropical oil, on cardiovascular disease are unclear. We investigated the effect of tropical oil (palm and coconut oils), lard, and other common vegetable oils (soybean and rice bran oils) that are widely used in tropical and Asian countries on lipid profiles. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane) were searched up to December 2018 without language restriction. We identified nine meta-analyses that investigated the effect of dietary oils on lipid levels. Replacement of polyunsaturated fatty-acid-rich oils (PUFAs) and monounsaturated FA-rich oils (MUFAs) with palm oil significantly increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), by 3.43 (0.44–6.41) mg/dL and 9.18 (6.90–11.45) mg/dL, respectively, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), by 1.89 (1.23–2.55) mg/dL and 0.94 (−0.07–1.97) mg/dL, respectively. Replacement of PUFAs with coconut oil significantly increased HDL-c and total cholesterol –by 2.27 (0.93–3.6) mg/dL and 5.88 (0.21–11.55) mg/dL, respectively—but not LDL-c. Substituting lard for MUFAs and PUFAs increased LDL-c–by 8.39 (2.83–13.95) mg/dL and 9.85 (6.06–13.65) mg/dL, respectively—but not HDL-c. Soybean oil substituted for other PUFAs had no effect on lipid levels, while rice bran oil substitution decreased LDL-c. Our findings show the deleterious effect of saturated fats from animal sources on lipid profiles. Replacement of unsaturated plant-derived fats with plant-derived saturated fats slightly increases LDL-c but also increases HDL-c, which in turn may exert a neutral effect on cardiovascular health. MDPI 2021-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8148021/ /pubmed/34064496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051549 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Unhapipatpong, Chanita
Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai
Kasemsup, Vijj
Siriyotha, Sukanya
Warodomwichit, Daruneewan
Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan
Vathesatogkit, Prin
Sritara, Piyamitr
Thakkinstian, Ammarin
Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title_full Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title_fullStr Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title_full_unstemmed Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title_short Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses
title_sort tropical oil consumption and cardiovascular disease: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta analyses
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8148021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051549
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