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Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017

When swine flu vaccines and circulating influenza A virus (IAV) strains are poorly matched, vaccine-induced antibodies may not protect from infection. Highly conserved T cell epitopes may, however, have a disease-mitigating effect. The degree of T cell epitope conservation among circulating strains...

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Autores principales: Tan, Swan, Gutiérrez, Andres Hazaet, Gauger, Phillip Charles, Opriessnig, Tanja, Bahl, Justin, Moise, Leonard, De Groot, Anne Searls
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8148565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34066605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050468
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author Tan, Swan
Gutiérrez, Andres Hazaet
Gauger, Phillip Charles
Opriessnig, Tanja
Bahl, Justin
Moise, Leonard
De Groot, Anne Searls
author_facet Tan, Swan
Gutiérrez, Andres Hazaet
Gauger, Phillip Charles
Opriessnig, Tanja
Bahl, Justin
Moise, Leonard
De Groot, Anne Searls
author_sort Tan, Swan
collection PubMed
description When swine flu vaccines and circulating influenza A virus (IAV) strains are poorly matched, vaccine-induced antibodies may not protect from infection. Highly conserved T cell epitopes may, however, have a disease-mitigating effect. The degree of T cell epitope conservation among circulating strains and vaccine strains can vary, which may also explain differences in vaccine efficacy. Here, we evaluate a previously developed conserved T cell epitope-based vaccine and determine the persistence of T cell epitope conservation over time. We used a pair-wise homology score to define the conservation between the vaccine’s swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I and II-restricted epitopes and T cell epitopes found in 1272 swine IAV strains sequenced between 2013 and 2017. Twenty-four of the 48 total T cell epitopes included in the epitope-based vaccine were highly conserved and found in >1000 circulating swine IAV strains over the 5-year period. In contrast, commercial swine IAV vaccines developed in 2013 exhibited a declining conservation with the circulating IAV strains over the same 5-year period. Conserved T cell epitope vaccines may be a useful adjunct for commercial swine flu vaccines and to improve protection against influenza when antibodies are not cross-reactive.
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spelling pubmed-81485652021-05-26 Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017 Tan, Swan Gutiérrez, Andres Hazaet Gauger, Phillip Charles Opriessnig, Tanja Bahl, Justin Moise, Leonard De Groot, Anne Searls Vaccines (Basel) Article When swine flu vaccines and circulating influenza A virus (IAV) strains are poorly matched, vaccine-induced antibodies may not protect from infection. Highly conserved T cell epitopes may, however, have a disease-mitigating effect. The degree of T cell epitope conservation among circulating strains and vaccine strains can vary, which may also explain differences in vaccine efficacy. Here, we evaluate a previously developed conserved T cell epitope-based vaccine and determine the persistence of T cell epitope conservation over time. We used a pair-wise homology score to define the conservation between the vaccine’s swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I and II-restricted epitopes and T cell epitopes found in 1272 swine IAV strains sequenced between 2013 and 2017. Twenty-four of the 48 total T cell epitopes included in the epitope-based vaccine were highly conserved and found in >1000 circulating swine IAV strains over the 5-year period. In contrast, commercial swine IAV vaccines developed in 2013 exhibited a declining conservation with the circulating IAV strains over the same 5-year period. Conserved T cell epitope vaccines may be a useful adjunct for commercial swine flu vaccines and to improve protection against influenza when antibodies are not cross-reactive. MDPI 2021-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8148565/ /pubmed/34066605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050468 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tan, Swan
Gutiérrez, Andres Hazaet
Gauger, Phillip Charles
Opriessnig, Tanja
Bahl, Justin
Moise, Leonard
De Groot, Anne Searls
Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title_full Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title_fullStr Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title_short Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-Related T Cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013–2017
title_sort quantifying the persistence of vaccine-related t cell epitopes in circulating swine influenza a strains from 2013–2017
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8148565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34066605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050468
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