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Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?

The intestinal microbiota is thought to be an important biological barrier against enteric pathogens. Its depletion, however, also has curative effects against some viral infections, suggesting that different components of the intestinal microbiota can play both promoting and inhibitory roles depend...

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Autores principales: Yang, Mengling, Yang, Yang, He, Qingnan, Zhu, Ping, Liu, Mengqi, Xu, Jiahao, Zhao, Mingyi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8149780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34054866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.676232
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author Yang, Mengling
Yang, Yang
He, Qingnan
Zhu, Ping
Liu, Mengqi
Xu, Jiahao
Zhao, Mingyi
author_facet Yang, Mengling
Yang, Yang
He, Qingnan
Zhu, Ping
Liu, Mengqi
Xu, Jiahao
Zhao, Mingyi
author_sort Yang, Mengling
collection PubMed
description The intestinal microbiota is thought to be an important biological barrier against enteric pathogens. Its depletion, however, also has curative effects against some viral infections, suggesting that different components of the intestinal microbiota can play both promoting and inhibitory roles depending on the type of viral infection. The two primary mechanisms by which the microbiota facilitates or inhibits viral invasion involve participation in the innate and adaptive immune responses and direct or indirect interaction with the virus, during which the abundance and composition of the intestinal microbiota might be changed by the virus. Oral administration of probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and antibiotics are major therapeutic strategies for regulating intestinal microbiota balance. However, these three methods have shown limited curative effects in clinical trials. Therefore, the intestinal microbiota might represent a new and promising supplementary antiviral therapeutic target, and more efficient and safer methods for regulating the microbiota require deeper investigation. This review summarizes the latest research on the relationship among the intestinal microbiota, anti-viral immunity and viruses and the most commonly used methods for regulating the intestinal microbiota with the goal of providing new insight into the antiviral effects of the gut microbiota.
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spelling pubmed-81497802021-05-27 Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy? Yang, Mengling Yang, Yang He, Qingnan Zhu, Ping Liu, Mengqi Xu, Jiahao Zhao, Mingyi Front Immunol Immunology The intestinal microbiota is thought to be an important biological barrier against enteric pathogens. Its depletion, however, also has curative effects against some viral infections, suggesting that different components of the intestinal microbiota can play both promoting and inhibitory roles depending on the type of viral infection. The two primary mechanisms by which the microbiota facilitates or inhibits viral invasion involve participation in the innate and adaptive immune responses and direct or indirect interaction with the virus, during which the abundance and composition of the intestinal microbiota might be changed by the virus. Oral administration of probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and antibiotics are major therapeutic strategies for regulating intestinal microbiota balance. However, these three methods have shown limited curative effects in clinical trials. Therefore, the intestinal microbiota might represent a new and promising supplementary antiviral therapeutic target, and more efficient and safer methods for regulating the microbiota require deeper investigation. This review summarizes the latest research on the relationship among the intestinal microbiota, anti-viral immunity and viruses and the most commonly used methods for regulating the intestinal microbiota with the goal of providing new insight into the antiviral effects of the gut microbiota. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8149780/ /pubmed/34054866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.676232 Text en Copyright © 2021 Yang, Yang, He, Zhu, Liu, Xu and Zhao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Yang, Mengling
Yang, Yang
He, Qingnan
Zhu, Ping
Liu, Mengqi
Xu, Jiahao
Zhao, Mingyi
Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title_full Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title_fullStr Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title_short Intestinal Microbiota—A Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy?
title_sort intestinal microbiota—a promising target for antiviral therapy?
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8149780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34054866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.676232
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