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The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
Statins are among the most widely used drug classes in the world. Apart from their basic mechanism of action, which is lowering cholesterol levels, many pleiotropic effects have been described so far, such as anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic effects. A growing number of scientific reports h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8150718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102838 |
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author | Kosowski, Michał Smolarczyk-Kosowska, Joanna Hachuła, Marcin Maligłówka, Mateusz Basiak, Marcin Machnik, Grzegorz Pudlo, Robert Okopień, Bogusław |
author_facet | Kosowski, Michał Smolarczyk-Kosowska, Joanna Hachuła, Marcin Maligłówka, Mateusz Basiak, Marcin Machnik, Grzegorz Pudlo, Robert Okopień, Bogusław |
author_sort | Kosowski, Michał |
collection | PubMed |
description | Statins are among the most widely used drug classes in the world. Apart from their basic mechanism of action, which is lowering cholesterol levels, many pleiotropic effects have been described so far, such as anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic effects. A growing number of scientific reports have proven that these drugs have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the nervous system. The first reports proving that lipid-lowering therapy can influence the development of neurological and psychiatric diseases appeared in the 1990s. Despite numerous studies about the mechanisms by which statins may affect the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), there are still no clear data explaining this effect. Most studies have focused on the metabolic effects of this group of drugs, however authors have also described the pleiotropic effects of statins, pointing to their probable impact on the neurotransmitter system and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this paper was to review the literature describing the impacts of statins on dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and glutamate neurotransmission, as well as their neuroprotective role. This paper focuses on the mechanisms by which statins affect neurotransmission, as well as on their impacts on neurological and psychiatric diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), stroke, and depression. The pleiotropic effects of statin usage could potentially open floodgates for research in these treatment domains, catching the attention of researchers and clinicians across the globe. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8150718 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81507182021-05-27 The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Kosowski, Michał Smolarczyk-Kosowska, Joanna Hachuła, Marcin Maligłówka, Mateusz Basiak, Marcin Machnik, Grzegorz Pudlo, Robert Okopień, Bogusław Molecules Review Statins are among the most widely used drug classes in the world. Apart from their basic mechanism of action, which is lowering cholesterol levels, many pleiotropic effects have been described so far, such as anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic effects. A growing number of scientific reports have proven that these drugs have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the nervous system. The first reports proving that lipid-lowering therapy can influence the development of neurological and psychiatric diseases appeared in the 1990s. Despite numerous studies about the mechanisms by which statins may affect the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), there are still no clear data explaining this effect. Most studies have focused on the metabolic effects of this group of drugs, however authors have also described the pleiotropic effects of statins, pointing to their probable impact on the neurotransmitter system and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this paper was to review the literature describing the impacts of statins on dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and glutamate neurotransmission, as well as their neuroprotective role. This paper focuses on the mechanisms by which statins affect neurotransmission, as well as on their impacts on neurological and psychiatric diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), stroke, and depression. The pleiotropic effects of statin usage could potentially open floodgates for research in these treatment domains, catching the attention of researchers and clinicians across the globe. MDPI 2021-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8150718/ /pubmed/34064670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102838 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kosowski, Michał Smolarczyk-Kosowska, Joanna Hachuła, Marcin Maligłówka, Mateusz Basiak, Marcin Machnik, Grzegorz Pudlo, Robert Okopień, Bogusław The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title | The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title_full | The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title_short | The Effects of Statins on Neurotransmission and Their Neuroprotective Role in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders |
title_sort | effects of statins on neurotransmission and their neuroprotective role in neurological and psychiatric disorders |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8150718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102838 |
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