Camelina Oil Supplementation Improves Bone Parameters in Ovariectomized Rats

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Supplementation of ovariectomized rats with Camelina sativa oil, which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially n-3 family fatty acids, can be an effective way to improve bone parameters. Administration of 5 g/kg body weight and 9 g/kg body weight of camelina oil to rats suppressed a decrease in densitometric, tomographic, and strength parameters of femurs and an increase in the serum level of the C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen caused by estrogen deficiency. Furthermore, ovariectomized rats receiving camelina oil were characterized by a high level of osteocalcin. ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of administration of Camelina sativa oil (CO) as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on bone parameters in ovariectomized rats (OVX). Overall, 40 10-week-old healthy female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups with 10 animals in each. Rats in the control group (SHO) were subjected to a sham operation, whereas experimental rats (OVX) were ovariectomized. After a 7-day recovery period, the SHO the rats received orally 1 mL of physiological saline for the next 6 weeks. The OVX rats received orally 1 mL of physiological saline (OVX-PhS), 5 g/kg BW (OVX-CO5), or 9 g/kg BW (OVX-CO9) of camelina oil. The use of camelina oil had a significant effect on body weight, lean mass, and fat mass. The camelina oil administration suppressed the decrease in the values of some densitometric, tomographic, and mechanical parameters of femur caused by estrogen deficiency. The CO treatment increased significantly the serum level of osteocalcin and decreased the serum level of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen in the OVX rats. In conclusion, camelina oil exerts a positive osteotropic effect by inhibiting ovariectomy-induced adverse changes in bones. Camelina oil supplementation can be used as an efficient method for improving bone health in a disturbed state. However, further research must be carried out on other animal species supplemented with the oil.