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Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation
Environmental pollution with alkylbenzene hydrocarbons such as toluene is a recurring phenomenon. Their toxicity and harmful effect on people and the environment drive the search for sustainable removal techniques such as bioremediation, which is based on the microbial metabolism of xenobiotic compo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8151820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34067085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051008 |
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author | Baron, Noemi Carla Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos Otsuka, Ayumi Aquino Prenafeta-Boldú, Francesc Xavier Vicente, Vânia Aparecida Attili de Angelis, Derlene |
author_facet | Baron, Noemi Carla Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos Otsuka, Ayumi Aquino Prenafeta-Boldú, Francesc Xavier Vicente, Vânia Aparecida Attili de Angelis, Derlene |
author_sort | Baron, Noemi Carla |
collection | PubMed |
description | Environmental pollution with alkylbenzene hydrocarbons such as toluene is a recurring phenomenon. Their toxicity and harmful effect on people and the environment drive the search for sustainable removal techniques such as bioremediation, which is based on the microbial metabolism of xenobiotic compounds. Melanized fungi present extremophilic characteristics, which allow their survival in inhospitable habitats such as those contaminated with hydrocarbons. Screening methodologies for testing the microbial assimilation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) are scarce despite their importance for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon associated areas. In this study, 200 strains of melanized fungi were isolated from four different hydrocarbon-related environments by using selective methods, and their biodiversity was assessed by molecular and ecological analyses. Seventeen genera and 27 species from three main orders, namely Chaetothyriales, Cladosporiales, and Pleosporales, were identified. The ecological analysis showed a particular species distribution according to their original substrate. The isolated strains were also screened for their toluene assimilation potential using a simple and inexpensive methodology based on miniaturized incubations under controlled atmospheres. The biomass produced by the 200 strains with toluene as the sole carbon source was compared against positive and negative controls, with glucose and with only mineral medium, respectively. Nineteen strains were selected as the most promising for further investigation on the biodegradation of alkylbenzenes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8151820 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81518202021-05-27 Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation Baron, Noemi Carla Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos Otsuka, Ayumi Aquino Prenafeta-Boldú, Francesc Xavier Vicente, Vânia Aparecida Attili de Angelis, Derlene Microorganisms Article Environmental pollution with alkylbenzene hydrocarbons such as toluene is a recurring phenomenon. Their toxicity and harmful effect on people and the environment drive the search for sustainable removal techniques such as bioremediation, which is based on the microbial metabolism of xenobiotic compounds. Melanized fungi present extremophilic characteristics, which allow their survival in inhospitable habitats such as those contaminated with hydrocarbons. Screening methodologies for testing the microbial assimilation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) are scarce despite their importance for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon associated areas. In this study, 200 strains of melanized fungi were isolated from four different hydrocarbon-related environments by using selective methods, and their biodiversity was assessed by molecular and ecological analyses. Seventeen genera and 27 species from three main orders, namely Chaetothyriales, Cladosporiales, and Pleosporales, were identified. The ecological analysis showed a particular species distribution according to their original substrate. The isolated strains were also screened for their toluene assimilation potential using a simple and inexpensive methodology based on miniaturized incubations under controlled atmospheres. The biomass produced by the 200 strains with toluene as the sole carbon source was compared against positive and negative controls, with glucose and with only mineral medium, respectively. Nineteen strains were selected as the most promising for further investigation on the biodegradation of alkylbenzenes. MDPI 2021-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8151820/ /pubmed/34067085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051008 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Baron, Noemi Carla Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos Otsuka, Ayumi Aquino Prenafeta-Boldú, Francesc Xavier Vicente, Vânia Aparecida Attili de Angelis, Derlene Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title | Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title_full | Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title_fullStr | Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title_full_unstemmed | Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title_short | Black Fungi and Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Survey for Alkylbenzene Assimilation |
title_sort | black fungi and hydrocarbons: an environmental survey for alkylbenzene assimilation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8151820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34067085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051008 |
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