Cargando…
Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning
Extremely high mechanical performance spun bionanocomposite fibers of chitosan (CHI), and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were successfully achieved by gel spinning of CHI aqueous viscous formulations filled with CNFs. The microstructural characterization of the fibers by X-ray diffraction revealed the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8152965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34068136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101563 |
_version_ | 1783698698197270528 |
---|---|
author | Marquez-Bravo, Sofia Doench, Ingo Molina, Pamela Bentley, Flor Estefany Tamo, Arnaud Kamdem Passieux, Renaud Lossada, Francisco David, Laurent Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy |
author_facet | Marquez-Bravo, Sofia Doench, Ingo Molina, Pamela Bentley, Flor Estefany Tamo, Arnaud Kamdem Passieux, Renaud Lossada, Francisco David, Laurent Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy |
author_sort | Marquez-Bravo, Sofia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Extremely high mechanical performance spun bionanocomposite fibers of chitosan (CHI), and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were successfully achieved by gel spinning of CHI aqueous viscous formulations filled with CNFs. The microstructural characterization of the fibers by X-ray diffraction revealed the crystallization of the CHI polymer chains into anhydrous chitosan allomorph. The spinning process combining acidic–basic–neutralization–stretching–drying steps allowed obtaining CHI/CNF composite fibers of high crystallinity, with enhanced effect at incorporating the CNFs. Chitosan crystallization seems to be promoted by the presence of cellulose nanofibers, serving as nucleation sites for the growing of CHI crystals. Moreover, the preferential orientation of both CNFs and CHI crystals along the spun fiber direction was revealed in the two-dimensional X-ray diffraction patterns. By increasing the CNF amount up to the optimum concentration of 0.4 wt % in the viscous CHI/CNF collodion, Young’s modulus of the spun fibers significantly increased up to 8 GPa. Similarly, the stress at break and the yield stress drastically increased from 115 to 163 MPa, and from 67 to 119 MPa, respectively, by adding only 0.4 wt % of CNFs into a collodion solution containing 4 wt % of chitosan. The toughness of the CHI-based fibers thereby increased from 5 to 9 MJ.m(−3). For higher CNFs contents like 0.5 wt %, the high mechanical performance of the CHI/CNF composite fibers was still observed, but with a slight worsening of the mechanical parameters, which may be related to a minor disruption of the CHI matrix hydrogel network constituting the collodion and gel fiber, as precursor state for the dry fiber formation. Finally, the rheological behavior observed for the different CHI/CNF viscous collodions and the obtained structural, thermal and mechanical properties results revealed an optimum matrix/filler compatibility and interface when adding 0.4 wt % of nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) into 4 wt % CHI formulations, yielding functional bionanocomposite fibers of outstanding mechanical properties. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8152965 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81529652021-05-27 Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning Marquez-Bravo, Sofia Doench, Ingo Molina, Pamela Bentley, Flor Estefany Tamo, Arnaud Kamdem Passieux, Renaud Lossada, Francisco David, Laurent Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy Polymers (Basel) Article Extremely high mechanical performance spun bionanocomposite fibers of chitosan (CHI), and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were successfully achieved by gel spinning of CHI aqueous viscous formulations filled with CNFs. The microstructural characterization of the fibers by X-ray diffraction revealed the crystallization of the CHI polymer chains into anhydrous chitosan allomorph. The spinning process combining acidic–basic–neutralization–stretching–drying steps allowed obtaining CHI/CNF composite fibers of high crystallinity, with enhanced effect at incorporating the CNFs. Chitosan crystallization seems to be promoted by the presence of cellulose nanofibers, serving as nucleation sites for the growing of CHI crystals. Moreover, the preferential orientation of both CNFs and CHI crystals along the spun fiber direction was revealed in the two-dimensional X-ray diffraction patterns. By increasing the CNF amount up to the optimum concentration of 0.4 wt % in the viscous CHI/CNF collodion, Young’s modulus of the spun fibers significantly increased up to 8 GPa. Similarly, the stress at break and the yield stress drastically increased from 115 to 163 MPa, and from 67 to 119 MPa, respectively, by adding only 0.4 wt % of CNFs into a collodion solution containing 4 wt % of chitosan. The toughness of the CHI-based fibers thereby increased from 5 to 9 MJ.m(−3). For higher CNFs contents like 0.5 wt %, the high mechanical performance of the CHI/CNF composite fibers was still observed, but with a slight worsening of the mechanical parameters, which may be related to a minor disruption of the CHI matrix hydrogel network constituting the collodion and gel fiber, as precursor state for the dry fiber formation. Finally, the rheological behavior observed for the different CHI/CNF viscous collodions and the obtained structural, thermal and mechanical properties results revealed an optimum matrix/filler compatibility and interface when adding 0.4 wt % of nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) into 4 wt % CHI formulations, yielding functional bionanocomposite fibers of outstanding mechanical properties. MDPI 2021-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8152965/ /pubmed/34068136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101563 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Marquez-Bravo, Sofia Doench, Ingo Molina, Pamela Bentley, Flor Estefany Tamo, Arnaud Kamdem Passieux, Renaud Lossada, Francisco David, Laurent Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title | Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title_full | Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title_fullStr | Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title_short | Functional Bionanocomposite Fibers of Chitosan Filled with Cellulose Nanofibers Obtained by Gel Spinning |
title_sort | functional bionanocomposite fibers of chitosan filled with cellulose nanofibers obtained by gel spinning |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8152965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34068136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101563 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT marquezbravosofia functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT doenchingo functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT molinapamela functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT bentleyflorestefany functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT tamoarnaudkamdem functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT passieuxrenaud functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT lossadafrancisco functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT davidlaurent functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning AT osoriomadrazoanayancy functionalbionanocompositefibersofchitosanfilledwithcellulosenanofibersobtainedbygelspinning |