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“Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States

The United States (U.S.) is currently experiencing a substance use disorders (SUD) crisis with an unprecedented magnitude. The objective of this study was to recognize and characterize the most vulnerable populations at high risk of SUD mortality in the U.S., and to identify the locations where thes...

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Autores principales: Hernández, Andrés, Lan, Minxuan, MacKinnon, Neil J., Branscum, Adam J., Cuadros, Diego F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8153501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34038441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251502
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author Hernández, Andrés
Lan, Minxuan
MacKinnon, Neil J.
Branscum, Adam J.
Cuadros, Diego F.
author_facet Hernández, Andrés
Lan, Minxuan
MacKinnon, Neil J.
Branscum, Adam J.
Cuadros, Diego F.
author_sort Hernández, Andrés
collection PubMed
description The United States (U.S.) is currently experiencing a substance use disorders (SUD) crisis with an unprecedented magnitude. The objective of this study was to recognize and characterize the most vulnerable populations at high risk of SUD mortality in the U.S., and to identify the locations where these vulnerable population are located. We obtained the most recent available mortality data for the U.S. population aged 15–84 (2005–2017) from the Centers for Diseases and Prevention (CDC). Our analysis focused on the unintentional substance poisoning to estimate SUD mortality. We computed health-related comorbidities and socioeconomic association with the SUD distribution. We identified the most affected populations and conducted a geographical clustering analysis to identify places with increased concentration of SUD related deaths. From 2005–2017, 463,717 SUD-related deaths occurred in the United States. White population was identified with the highest SUD death proportions. However, there was a surge of the SUD epidemic in the Black male population, with a sharp increase in the SUD-related death rate since 2014. We also found that an additional average day of mental distress might increase the relative risk of SUD-related mortality by 39%. The geographical distribution of the epidemic showed clustering in the West and Mid-west regions of the U.S. In conclusion, we found that the SUD epidemic in the U.S. is characterized by the emergence of several micro-epidemics of different intensities across demographic groups and locations within the country. The comprehensive description of the epidemic presented in this study could assist in the design and implementation of targeted policy interventions for addiction mitigation campaigns.
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spelling pubmed-81535012021-06-09 “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States Hernández, Andrés Lan, Minxuan MacKinnon, Neil J. Branscum, Adam J. Cuadros, Diego F. PLoS One Research Article The United States (U.S.) is currently experiencing a substance use disorders (SUD) crisis with an unprecedented magnitude. The objective of this study was to recognize and characterize the most vulnerable populations at high risk of SUD mortality in the U.S., and to identify the locations where these vulnerable population are located. We obtained the most recent available mortality data for the U.S. population aged 15–84 (2005–2017) from the Centers for Diseases and Prevention (CDC). Our analysis focused on the unintentional substance poisoning to estimate SUD mortality. We computed health-related comorbidities and socioeconomic association with the SUD distribution. We identified the most affected populations and conducted a geographical clustering analysis to identify places with increased concentration of SUD related deaths. From 2005–2017, 463,717 SUD-related deaths occurred in the United States. White population was identified with the highest SUD death proportions. However, there was a surge of the SUD epidemic in the Black male population, with a sharp increase in the SUD-related death rate since 2014. We also found that an additional average day of mental distress might increase the relative risk of SUD-related mortality by 39%. The geographical distribution of the epidemic showed clustering in the West and Mid-west regions of the U.S. In conclusion, we found that the SUD epidemic in the U.S. is characterized by the emergence of several micro-epidemics of different intensities across demographic groups and locations within the country. The comprehensive description of the epidemic presented in this study could assist in the design and implementation of targeted policy interventions for addiction mitigation campaigns. Public Library of Science 2021-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8153501/ /pubmed/34038441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251502 Text en © 2021 Hernández et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hernández, Andrés
Lan, Minxuan
MacKinnon, Neil J.
Branscum, Adam J.
Cuadros, Diego F.
“Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title_full “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title_fullStr “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title_full_unstemmed “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title_short “Know your epidemic, know your response”: Epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the United States
title_sort “know your epidemic, know your response”: epidemiological assessment of the substance use disorder crisis in the united states
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8153501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34038441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251502
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