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Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia

OBJECTIVES: Acute leukaemia is the most common and highly curable childhood malignancy; subtyping and identification of antigens via immunophenotyping helps in treatment plan as well as minimal residual disease monitoring. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at the Haematology section of...

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Autores principales: Jamal, Saba, Meraj, Fatima, Mansoor, Neelum, Parveen, Sadia, Shaikh, Ameerah, Jabbar, Naeem
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Professional Medical Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8155440/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34104169
http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3552
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author Jamal, Saba
Meraj, Fatima
Mansoor, Neelum
Parveen, Sadia
Shaikh, Ameerah
Jabbar, Naeem
author_facet Jamal, Saba
Meraj, Fatima
Mansoor, Neelum
Parveen, Sadia
Shaikh, Ameerah
Jabbar, Naeem
author_sort Jamal, Saba
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Acute leukaemia is the most common and highly curable childhood malignancy; subtyping and identification of antigens via immunophenotyping helps in treatment plan as well as minimal residual disease monitoring. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at the Haematology section of the clinical laboratories of Ziauddin University Hospital and The Indus Hospital, Karachi conducted at January 1st, 2012 to December 31(st), 2017. The study included 1379 cases of de novo acute leukemia from 2012 to 2017. Among these, 80% were diagnosed by using four color flowcytometry (FACS Calibur), 9% and 11% via immunohistochemistry on bone marrow trephine biopsy samples and morphological examination respectively. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 7.4 ± 4.3 years while male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Lymphoblastic leukaemia accounted for 77.2% and myeloid leukaemia 21.2%. Amongst lymphoblastic lineage, B-ALL was 80.4% while T-ALL was 19.6%. Among the phenotypic expression of B-ALL, CD79a (99.8%) had the highest positivity. In B-ALL, CD13 (29.8%) was the most common aberrant myeloid marker. Aberrant expression of CD79a observed in 11.1% of T-ALL cases. In non APL AML, aberrant expression of CD79a and CD19 was observed in 6.6% and 5.5% of cases respectively. CONCLUSION: Overall immunophenotypic profile, expression of aberrant phenotypes and subtype distribution in our patients was similar to international literature except for a relatively high frequency of T-ALL which was discordant from the western data.
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spelling pubmed-81554402021-06-07 Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia Jamal, Saba Meraj, Fatima Mansoor, Neelum Parveen, Sadia Shaikh, Ameerah Jabbar, Naeem Pak J Med Sci Original Article OBJECTIVES: Acute leukaemia is the most common and highly curable childhood malignancy; subtyping and identification of antigens via immunophenotyping helps in treatment plan as well as minimal residual disease monitoring. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at the Haematology section of the clinical laboratories of Ziauddin University Hospital and The Indus Hospital, Karachi conducted at January 1st, 2012 to December 31(st), 2017. The study included 1379 cases of de novo acute leukemia from 2012 to 2017. Among these, 80% were diagnosed by using four color flowcytometry (FACS Calibur), 9% and 11% via immunohistochemistry on bone marrow trephine biopsy samples and morphological examination respectively. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 7.4 ± 4.3 years while male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Lymphoblastic leukaemia accounted for 77.2% and myeloid leukaemia 21.2%. Amongst lymphoblastic lineage, B-ALL was 80.4% while T-ALL was 19.6%. Among the phenotypic expression of B-ALL, CD79a (99.8%) had the highest positivity. In B-ALL, CD13 (29.8%) was the most common aberrant myeloid marker. Aberrant expression of CD79a observed in 11.1% of T-ALL cases. In non APL AML, aberrant expression of CD79a and CD19 was observed in 6.6% and 5.5% of cases respectively. CONCLUSION: Overall immunophenotypic profile, expression of aberrant phenotypes and subtype distribution in our patients was similar to international literature except for a relatively high frequency of T-ALL which was discordant from the western data. Professional Medical Publications 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8155440/ /pubmed/34104169 http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3552 Text en Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Jamal, Saba
Meraj, Fatima
Mansoor, Neelum
Parveen, Sadia
Shaikh, Ameerah
Jabbar, Naeem
Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title_full Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title_fullStr Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title_full_unstemmed Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title_short Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
title_sort distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8155440/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34104169
http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3552
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