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Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Background: The most established pathognomonic protein of Parkinson’s disease (PD), α-synuclein, is extensively investigated for disease diagnosis and prognosis; however, investigations into whether the free form of α-synuclein in the blood functions as a PD biomarker have not been fruitful. Extrace...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8155846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34067663 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050744 |
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author | Chung, Chen-Chih Chan, Lung Chen, Jia-Hung Hung, Yi-Chieh Hong, Chien-Tai |
author_facet | Chung, Chen-Chih Chan, Lung Chen, Jia-Hung Hung, Yi-Chieh Hong, Chien-Tai |
author_sort | Chung, Chen-Chih |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The most established pathognomonic protein of Parkinson’s disease (PD), α-synuclein, is extensively investigated for disease diagnosis and prognosis; however, investigations into whether the free form of α-synuclein in the blood functions as a PD biomarker have not been fruitful. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from cells and present in blood transport molecules are novel platforms for biomarker identification. In blood EVs, α-synuclein originates predominantly from the brain without the interference of the blood–brain barrier. The present study investigated the role of plasma EV-borne α-synuclein as a biomarker of PD. Methods: Patients with mild to moderate stages of PD (n = 116) and individuals without PD (n = 46) were recruited to serve as the PD study group and the control group, respectively. Plasma EVs were isolated, and immunomagnetic reduction–based immunoassay was used to assess EV α-synuclein levels. Conventional statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Compared with controls, we observed significantly lower plasma EV α-synuclein levels in the patients with PD (PD: 56.0 ± 3.7 fg/mL vs. control: 74.5 ± 4.3 fg/mL, p = 0.009), and the significance remained after adjustment for age and sex. Plasma EV α-synuclein levels in the patients with PD did not correlate with age, disease duration, Part I and II scores of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), or the Mini-Mental State Examination scores. However, such levels were significantly correlated with UPDRS Part III score, which assesses motor dysfunction. Furthermore, the severity of akinetic-rigidity symptoms, but not tremor, was inversely associated with plasma EV α-synuclein level. Conclusion: Plasma EV α-synuclein was significantly different between the control and PD group and was associated with akinetic-rigidity symptom severity in patients with PD. This study corroborates the possible diagnostic and subtyping roles of plasma EV α-synuclein in patients with PD, and it further provides a basis for this protein’s clinical relevance and feasibility as a PD biomarker. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8155846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81558462021-05-28 Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Chung, Chen-Chih Chan, Lung Chen, Jia-Hung Hung, Yi-Chieh Hong, Chien-Tai Biomolecules Article Background: The most established pathognomonic protein of Parkinson’s disease (PD), α-synuclein, is extensively investigated for disease diagnosis and prognosis; however, investigations into whether the free form of α-synuclein in the blood functions as a PD biomarker have not been fruitful. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from cells and present in blood transport molecules are novel platforms for biomarker identification. In blood EVs, α-synuclein originates predominantly from the brain without the interference of the blood–brain barrier. The present study investigated the role of plasma EV-borne α-synuclein as a biomarker of PD. Methods: Patients with mild to moderate stages of PD (n = 116) and individuals without PD (n = 46) were recruited to serve as the PD study group and the control group, respectively. Plasma EVs were isolated, and immunomagnetic reduction–based immunoassay was used to assess EV α-synuclein levels. Conventional statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Compared with controls, we observed significantly lower plasma EV α-synuclein levels in the patients with PD (PD: 56.0 ± 3.7 fg/mL vs. control: 74.5 ± 4.3 fg/mL, p = 0.009), and the significance remained after adjustment for age and sex. Plasma EV α-synuclein levels in the patients with PD did not correlate with age, disease duration, Part I and II scores of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), or the Mini-Mental State Examination scores. However, such levels were significantly correlated with UPDRS Part III score, which assesses motor dysfunction. Furthermore, the severity of akinetic-rigidity symptoms, but not tremor, was inversely associated with plasma EV α-synuclein level. Conclusion: Plasma EV α-synuclein was significantly different between the control and PD group and was associated with akinetic-rigidity symptom severity in patients with PD. This study corroborates the possible diagnostic and subtyping roles of plasma EV α-synuclein in patients with PD, and it further provides a basis for this protein’s clinical relevance and feasibility as a PD biomarker. MDPI 2021-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8155846/ /pubmed/34067663 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050744 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chung, Chen-Chih Chan, Lung Chen, Jia-Hung Hung, Yi-Chieh Hong, Chien-Tai Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title | Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | Plasma Extracellular Vesicle α-Synuclein Level in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | plasma extracellular vesicle α-synuclein level in patients with parkinson’s disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8155846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34067663 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050744 |
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