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Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Early and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer that has spread to other organs and tissues is crucial, as therapeutic decisions and outcome expectations might change. Computed tomography (CT) is often used to detect breast cancer’s spread, but this method has its weaknesses. The compu...

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Autores principales: Lenga, Lukas, Bernatz, Simon, Martin, Simon S., Booz, Christian, Solbach, Christine, Mulert-Ernst, Rotraud, Vogl, Thomas J., Leithner, Doris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069795
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102431
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author Lenga, Lukas
Bernatz, Simon
Martin, Simon S.
Booz, Christian
Solbach, Christine
Mulert-Ernst, Rotraud
Vogl, Thomas J.
Leithner, Doris
author_facet Lenga, Lukas
Bernatz, Simon
Martin, Simon S.
Booz, Christian
Solbach, Christine
Mulert-Ernst, Rotraud
Vogl, Thomas J.
Leithner, Doris
author_sort Lenga, Lukas
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Early and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer that has spread to other organs and tissues is crucial, as therapeutic decisions and outcome expectations might change. Computed tomography (CT) is often used to detect breast cancer’s spread, but this method has its weaknesses. The computer-assisted technique “radiomics” extracts grey-level patterns, so-called radiomic features, from medical images, which may reflect underlying biological processes. Our retrospective study therefore evaluated whether breast cancer spread can be predicted by radiomic features derived from iodine maps, an application on a new generation of CT scanners visualizing tissue blood flow. Based on 77 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, we found that this approach might indeed predict cancer spread to other organs/tissues. In the future, radiomics may serve as an additional tool for cancer detection and risk assessment. ABSTRACT: Dual-energy CT (DECT) iodine maps enable quantification of iodine concentrations as a marker for tissue vascularization. We investigated whether iodine map radiomic features derived from staging DECT enable prediction of breast cancer metastatic status, and whether textural differences exist between primary breast cancers and metastases. Seventy-seven treatment-naïve patients with biopsy-proven breast cancers were included retrospectively (41 non-metastatic, 36 metastatic). Radiomic features including first-, second-, and higher-order metrics as well as shape descriptors were extracted from volumes of interest on iodine maps. Following principal component analysis, a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-NN) was used for classification (70% of cases for training, 30% validation). Histopathology served as reference standard. MLP-NN predicted metastatic status with AUCs of up to 0.94, and accuracies of up to 92.6 in the training and 82.6 in the validation datasets. The separation of primary tumor and metastatic tissue yielded AUCs of up to 0.87, with accuracies of up to 82.8 in the training, and 85.7 in the validation dataset. DECT iodine map-based radiomic signatures may therefore predict metastatic status in breast cancer patients. In addition, microstructural differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer tissue may be reflected by differences in DECT radiomic features.
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spelling pubmed-81572782021-05-28 Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status Lenga, Lukas Bernatz, Simon Martin, Simon S. Booz, Christian Solbach, Christine Mulert-Ernst, Rotraud Vogl, Thomas J. Leithner, Doris Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Early and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer that has spread to other organs and tissues is crucial, as therapeutic decisions and outcome expectations might change. Computed tomography (CT) is often used to detect breast cancer’s spread, but this method has its weaknesses. The computer-assisted technique “radiomics” extracts grey-level patterns, so-called radiomic features, from medical images, which may reflect underlying biological processes. Our retrospective study therefore evaluated whether breast cancer spread can be predicted by radiomic features derived from iodine maps, an application on a new generation of CT scanners visualizing tissue blood flow. Based on 77 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, we found that this approach might indeed predict cancer spread to other organs/tissues. In the future, radiomics may serve as an additional tool for cancer detection and risk assessment. ABSTRACT: Dual-energy CT (DECT) iodine maps enable quantification of iodine concentrations as a marker for tissue vascularization. We investigated whether iodine map radiomic features derived from staging DECT enable prediction of breast cancer metastatic status, and whether textural differences exist between primary breast cancers and metastases. Seventy-seven treatment-naïve patients with biopsy-proven breast cancers were included retrospectively (41 non-metastatic, 36 metastatic). Radiomic features including first-, second-, and higher-order metrics as well as shape descriptors were extracted from volumes of interest on iodine maps. Following principal component analysis, a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-NN) was used for classification (70% of cases for training, 30% validation). Histopathology served as reference standard. MLP-NN predicted metastatic status with AUCs of up to 0.94, and accuracies of up to 92.6 in the training and 82.6 in the validation datasets. The separation of primary tumor and metastatic tissue yielded AUCs of up to 0.87, with accuracies of up to 82.8 in the training, and 85.7 in the validation dataset. DECT iodine map-based radiomic signatures may therefore predict metastatic status in breast cancer patients. In addition, microstructural differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer tissue may be reflected by differences in DECT radiomic features. MDPI 2021-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8157278/ /pubmed/34069795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102431 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lenga, Lukas
Bernatz, Simon
Martin, Simon S.
Booz, Christian
Solbach, Christine
Mulert-Ernst, Rotraud
Vogl, Thomas J.
Leithner, Doris
Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title_full Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title_fullStr Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title_full_unstemmed Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title_short Iodine Map Radiomics in Breast Cancer: Prediction of Metastatic Status
title_sort iodine map radiomics in breast cancer: prediction of metastatic status
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069795
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102431
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