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Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C
A complete series of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] are prepared, and their dissolution processes in various water samples are experimentally investigated. The crystal morphologies of the solid solutions vary from blocky spherical crystal aggregates to smaller spheres wi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34037871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12932-021-00075-1 |
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author | Zhu, Yinian Nong, Peijie Mo, Nan Zhu, Zongqiang Deng, Huan Tang, Shen Yang, Hongqu Zhang, Lihao Wang, Xingxing |
author_facet | Zhu, Yinian Nong, Peijie Mo, Nan Zhu, Zongqiang Deng, Huan Tang, Shen Yang, Hongqu Zhang, Lihao Wang, Xingxing |
author_sort | Zhu, Yinian |
collection | PubMed |
description | A complete series of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] are prepared, and their dissolution processes in various water samples are experimentally investigated. The crystal morphologies of the solid solutions vary from blocky spherical crystal aggregates to smaller spheres with an increasing incorporation of Mn in the solids. Regarding dissolution in N(2)-degassed water, air-saturated water and CO(2)-saturated water at 25 °C, the aqueous Ca and Mn concentrations reach their highest values after 1240–2400 h, 6–12 h and < 1 h, respectively, and then decrease gradually to a steady state; additionally, the ion activity products (log_IAP) at the final steady state (≈ solubility products in log_K(sp)) are estimated to be − 8.46 ± 0.06, − 8.44 ± 0.10 and − 8.59 ± 0.10 for calcite [CaCO(3)], respectively, and − 10.25 ± 0.08, − 10.26 ± 0.10 and − 10.28 ± 0.03, for rhodochrosite [MnCO(3)], respectively. As X(Mn) increases, the log_IAP values decrease from − 8.44 ~ − 8.59 for calcite to − 10.25 ~ − 10.28 for rhodochrosite. The aqueous Mn concentrations increase with an increasing Mn/(Ca + Mn) molar ratio (X(Mn)) of the (Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3) solid solutions, while the aqueous Ca concentrations show the highest values at X(Mn) = 0.53–0.63. In the constructed Lippmann diagram of subregular (Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3) solid solutions, the solids dissolve incongruently, and the data points of the aqueous solutions move progressively up to the Lippmann solutus curve and then along the solutus curve or saturation curve of pure MnCO(3) to the Mn-poor side. The microcrystalline cores of the spherical crystal aggregates are preferentially dissolved to form core hollows while simultaneously precipitating Mn-rich hexagonal prisms. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12932-021-00075-1. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8157444 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81574442021-05-28 Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C Zhu, Yinian Nong, Peijie Mo, Nan Zhu, Zongqiang Deng, Huan Tang, Shen Yang, Hongqu Zhang, Lihao Wang, Xingxing Geochem Trans Research Article A complete series of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] are prepared, and their dissolution processes in various water samples are experimentally investigated. The crystal morphologies of the solid solutions vary from blocky spherical crystal aggregates to smaller spheres with an increasing incorporation of Mn in the solids. Regarding dissolution in N(2)-degassed water, air-saturated water and CO(2)-saturated water at 25 °C, the aqueous Ca and Mn concentrations reach their highest values after 1240–2400 h, 6–12 h and < 1 h, respectively, and then decrease gradually to a steady state; additionally, the ion activity products (log_IAP) at the final steady state (≈ solubility products in log_K(sp)) are estimated to be − 8.46 ± 0.06, − 8.44 ± 0.10 and − 8.59 ± 0.10 for calcite [CaCO(3)], respectively, and − 10.25 ± 0.08, − 10.26 ± 0.10 and − 10.28 ± 0.03, for rhodochrosite [MnCO(3)], respectively. As X(Mn) increases, the log_IAP values decrease from − 8.44 ~ − 8.59 for calcite to − 10.25 ~ − 10.28 for rhodochrosite. The aqueous Mn concentrations increase with an increasing Mn/(Ca + Mn) molar ratio (X(Mn)) of the (Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3) solid solutions, while the aqueous Ca concentrations show the highest values at X(Mn) = 0.53–0.63. In the constructed Lippmann diagram of subregular (Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3) solid solutions, the solids dissolve incongruently, and the data points of the aqueous solutions move progressively up to the Lippmann solutus curve and then along the solutus curve or saturation curve of pure MnCO(3) to the Mn-poor side. The microcrystalline cores of the spherical crystal aggregates are preferentially dissolved to form core hollows while simultaneously precipitating Mn-rich hexagonal prisms. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12932-021-00075-1. Springer International Publishing 2021-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8157444/ /pubmed/34037871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12932-021-00075-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zhu, Yinian Nong, Peijie Mo, Nan Zhu, Zongqiang Deng, Huan Tang, Shen Yang, Hongqu Zhang, Lihao Wang, Xingxing Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title | Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title_full | Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title_fullStr | Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title_full_unstemmed | Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title_short | Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca(1-x)Mn(x))CO(3)] at 25 °C |
title_sort | dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(ca(1-x)mn(x))co(3)] at 25 °c |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34037871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12932-021-00075-1 |
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