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Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts

Black, brown, and light peat and sapropel were analyzed as natural sources of organic and humic substances. These specific substances are applicable in industry, agriculture, the environment, and biomedicine with well-known and novel approaches. Analysis of the organic compounds fulvic acid, humic a...

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Autores principales: Jarukas, Laurynas, Ivanauskas, Liudas, Kasparaviciene, Giedre, Baranauskaite, Juste, Marksa, Mindaugas, Bernatoniene, Jurga
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069989
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102995
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author Jarukas, Laurynas
Ivanauskas, Liudas
Kasparaviciene, Giedre
Baranauskaite, Juste
Marksa, Mindaugas
Bernatoniene, Jurga
author_facet Jarukas, Laurynas
Ivanauskas, Liudas
Kasparaviciene, Giedre
Baranauskaite, Juste
Marksa, Mindaugas
Bernatoniene, Jurga
author_sort Jarukas, Laurynas
collection PubMed
description Black, brown, and light peat and sapropel were analyzed as natural sources of organic and humic substances. These specific substances are applicable in industry, agriculture, the environment, and biomedicine with well-known and novel approaches. Analysis of the organic compounds fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin in different peat and sapropel extracts from Lithuania was performed in this study. The dominant organic compound was bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) carbonate, which varied from 6.90% to 25.68% in peat extracts. The highest mass fraction of malonic acid amide was in the sapropel extract; it varied from 12.44% to 26.84%. Significant amounts of acetohydroxamic, lactic, and glycolic acid derivatives were identified in peat and sapropel extracts. Comparing the two extraction methods, it was concluded that active maceration was more efficient than ultrasound extraction in yielding higher amounts of organic compounds. The highest amounts of fulvic acid (1%) and humic acid and humin (15.3%) were determined in pure brown peat samples. This research on humic substances is useful to characterize the peat of different origins, to develop possible aspects of standardization, and to describe potential of the chemical constituents.
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spelling pubmed-81578232021-05-28 Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts Jarukas, Laurynas Ivanauskas, Liudas Kasparaviciene, Giedre Baranauskaite, Juste Marksa, Mindaugas Bernatoniene, Jurga Molecules Article Black, brown, and light peat and sapropel were analyzed as natural sources of organic and humic substances. These specific substances are applicable in industry, agriculture, the environment, and biomedicine with well-known and novel approaches. Analysis of the organic compounds fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin in different peat and sapropel extracts from Lithuania was performed in this study. The dominant organic compound was bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) carbonate, which varied from 6.90% to 25.68% in peat extracts. The highest mass fraction of malonic acid amide was in the sapropel extract; it varied from 12.44% to 26.84%. Significant amounts of acetohydroxamic, lactic, and glycolic acid derivatives were identified in peat and sapropel extracts. Comparing the two extraction methods, it was concluded that active maceration was more efficient than ultrasound extraction in yielding higher amounts of organic compounds. The highest amounts of fulvic acid (1%) and humic acid and humin (15.3%) were determined in pure brown peat samples. This research on humic substances is useful to characterize the peat of different origins, to develop possible aspects of standardization, and to describe potential of the chemical constituents. MDPI 2021-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8157823/ /pubmed/34069989 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102995 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jarukas, Laurynas
Ivanauskas, Liudas
Kasparaviciene, Giedre
Baranauskaite, Juste
Marksa, Mindaugas
Bernatoniene, Jurga
Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title_full Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title_fullStr Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title_full_unstemmed Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title_short Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts
title_sort determination of organic compounds, fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin in peat and sapropel alkaline extracts
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8157823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069989
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102995
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