Combustion Performance of Spherical Propellants Deterred by Energetic Composite Deterring Agents

[Image: see text] In order to achieve ideal burning progressivity and reduce harmful phenomena such as muzzle flame and smoke, energetic composite deterring agents (ECDAs) deterring spherical propellants were designed and prepared. The combustion performance of ECDA-deterred propellants was characterized by a closed vessel, and the interior ballistic performance was studied by a ballistic gun. High-speed photography and a smoke box were employed to capture muzzle flames and smoke. The results showed that triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) had a slight deterring effect weaker than that of poly(neopentyl glycol adipate) (PNA) on the propellants. The maximum pressure in the closed vessel bore of the ECDA-deterred propellants was 2.29 MPa higher than that of the dibutyl phthalate (DBP)-deterred propellants, though the L–B curve of the ECDA-deterred propellants was slightly lower and its combustion time was 0.44 ms longer. For ECDA containing 5 wt % PNA and 3.2 wt % TEGDN, 80 °C and 150 min are the best deterring conditions. The average velocity of the bullet propelled by ECDA-deterred propellants was increased by 93.4 m·s(–1), while the average maximum pressure in the gun bore was decreased by 19 MPa, compared with the original propellants. The muzzle flame and smoke of the ECDA-deterred propellants were significantly reduced compared with the DBP-deterred propellants, where the smoke concentration was reduced by up to 44.5%.