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Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by various species of female phlebotomine sand flies. The first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ghana refer to a cluster of cases in 1999–2003 in the Ho municipality of...

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Autores principales: Akuffo, Richard, Wilson, Michael, Sarfo, Bismark, Attram, Naiki, Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah, Yeboah, Clara, Cruz, Israel, Ruiz-Postigo, Jose-Antonio, Boakye, Daniel, Moreno, Javier, Anto, Francis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8158879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34043625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009413
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author Akuffo, Richard
Wilson, Michael
Sarfo, Bismark
Attram, Naiki
Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah
Yeboah, Clara
Cruz, Israel
Ruiz-Postigo, Jose-Antonio
Boakye, Daniel
Moreno, Javier
Anto, Francis
author_facet Akuffo, Richard
Wilson, Michael
Sarfo, Bismark
Attram, Naiki
Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah
Yeboah, Clara
Cruz, Israel
Ruiz-Postigo, Jose-Antonio
Boakye, Daniel
Moreno, Javier
Anto, Francis
author_sort Akuffo, Richard
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by various species of female phlebotomine sand flies. The first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ghana refer to a cluster of cases in 1999–2003 in the Ho municipality of the Volta Region. We conducted an epidemiological assessment in the Oti Region, encouraged by recent reports of potential cases of CL. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a cross-sectional study design, the exposure to Leishmania was investigated in three communities of the Oti Region based on the leishmanin skin test (LST). LST results for 3,071 participants comprising 1091, 848, and 1132 persons from the communities of Ashiabre, Keri, and Sibi Hilltop, indicated an overall prevalence of exposure to Leishmania infection of 41.8% and individual community prevalence of 39.4%, 55.1%, and 34.2% respectively. Being male [AOR = 1.27; CI: 1.09, 1.49], and living in Keri [AOR = 1.83; CI: 1.43, 2.34] were associated with an increase in the odds of exposure to Leishmania. Being 5–10 years old [AOR = 1.48; CI: 1.06, 2.05], 11–17 years old [AOR = 2.03; CI: 1.45, 2.85], 18–40 years old [AORR = 2.83; CI: 1.81, 4.43] and 41–65 years old [AOR = 5.08; CI: 2.98, 8.68] were also significantly associated with increased odds of being exposed to Leishmania. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated exposure to Leishmania in the study communities and also identified associated factors. Future efforts aimed at reducing exposure to Leishmania infection in the study area should take the associated factors into consideration.
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spelling pubmed-81588792021-06-09 Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana Akuffo, Richard Wilson, Michael Sarfo, Bismark Attram, Naiki Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah Yeboah, Clara Cruz, Israel Ruiz-Postigo, Jose-Antonio Boakye, Daniel Moreno, Javier Anto, Francis PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by various species of female phlebotomine sand flies. The first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ghana refer to a cluster of cases in 1999–2003 in the Ho municipality of the Volta Region. We conducted an epidemiological assessment in the Oti Region, encouraged by recent reports of potential cases of CL. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a cross-sectional study design, the exposure to Leishmania was investigated in three communities of the Oti Region based on the leishmanin skin test (LST). LST results for 3,071 participants comprising 1091, 848, and 1132 persons from the communities of Ashiabre, Keri, and Sibi Hilltop, indicated an overall prevalence of exposure to Leishmania infection of 41.8% and individual community prevalence of 39.4%, 55.1%, and 34.2% respectively. Being male [AOR = 1.27; CI: 1.09, 1.49], and living in Keri [AOR = 1.83; CI: 1.43, 2.34] were associated with an increase in the odds of exposure to Leishmania. Being 5–10 years old [AOR = 1.48; CI: 1.06, 2.05], 11–17 years old [AOR = 2.03; CI: 1.45, 2.85], 18–40 years old [AORR = 2.83; CI: 1.81, 4.43] and 41–65 years old [AOR = 5.08; CI: 2.98, 8.68] were also significantly associated with increased odds of being exposed to Leishmania. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated exposure to Leishmania in the study communities and also identified associated factors. Future efforts aimed at reducing exposure to Leishmania infection in the study area should take the associated factors into consideration. Public Library of Science 2021-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8158879/ /pubmed/34043625 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009413 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Akuffo, Richard
Wilson, Michael
Sarfo, Bismark
Attram, Naiki
Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah
Yeboah, Clara
Cruz, Israel
Ruiz-Postigo, Jose-Antonio
Boakye, Daniel
Moreno, Javier
Anto, Francis
Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title_full Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title_fullStr Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title_short Prevalence of Leishmania infection in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana
title_sort prevalence of leishmania infection in three communities of oti region, ghana
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8158879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34043625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009413
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