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Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination
Novel mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been authorized for emergency use. Despite their efficacy in clinical trials, data on mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses are mostly limited to serological analyses. Here, we interrogated antibody and antigen-specific memory B cells over time in 33 SARS-CoV-...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8158969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858945 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950 |
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author | Goel, Rishi R. Apostolidis, Sokratis A. Painter, Mark M. Mathew, Divij Pattekar, Ajinkya Kuthuru, Oliva Gouma, Sigrid Hicks, Philip Meng, Wenzhao Rosenfeld, Aaron M. Dysinger, Sarah Lundgreen, Kendall A. Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia Adamski, Sharon Hicks, Amanda Korte, Scott Oldridge, Derek A. Baxter, Amy E. Giles, Josephine R. Weirick, Madison E. McAllister, Christopher M. Dougherty, Jeanette Long, Sherea D’Andrea, Kurt Hamilton, Jacob T. Betts, Michael R. Luning Prak, Eline T. Bates, Paul Hensley, Scott E. Greenplate, Allison R. Wherry, E. John |
author_facet | Goel, Rishi R. Apostolidis, Sokratis A. Painter, Mark M. Mathew, Divij Pattekar, Ajinkya Kuthuru, Oliva Gouma, Sigrid Hicks, Philip Meng, Wenzhao Rosenfeld, Aaron M. Dysinger, Sarah Lundgreen, Kendall A. Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia Adamski, Sharon Hicks, Amanda Korte, Scott Oldridge, Derek A. Baxter, Amy E. Giles, Josephine R. Weirick, Madison E. McAllister, Christopher M. Dougherty, Jeanette Long, Sherea D’Andrea, Kurt Hamilton, Jacob T. Betts, Michael R. Luning Prak, Eline T. Bates, Paul Hensley, Scott E. Greenplate, Allison R. Wherry, E. John |
author_sort | Goel, Rishi R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Novel mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been authorized for emergency use. Despite their efficacy in clinical trials, data on mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses are mostly limited to serological analyses. Here, we interrogated antibody and antigen-specific memory B cells over time in 33 SARS-CoV-2 naïve and 11 SARS-CoV-2 recovered subjects. SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals required both vaccine doses for optimal increases in antibodies, particularly for neutralizing titers against the B.1.351 variant. Memory B cells specific for full-length spike protein and the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) were also efficiently primed by mRNA vaccination and detectable in all SARS-CoV-2 naive subjects after the second vaccine dose, though the memory B cell response declined slightly with age. In SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals, antibody and memory B cell responses were significantly boosted after the first vaccine dose; however, there was no increase in circulating antibodies, neutralizing titers, or antigen-specific memory B cells after the second dose. This robust boosting after the first vaccine dose strongly correlated with levels of pre-existing memory B cells in recovered individuals, identifying a key role for memory B cells in mounting recall responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Together, our data demonstrated robust serological and cellular priming by mRNA vaccines and revealed distinct responses based on prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure, whereby COVID-19 recovered subjects may only require a single vaccine dose to achieve peak antibody and memory B cell responses. These findings also highlight the utility of defining cellular responses in addition to serologies and may inform SARS-CoV-2 vaccine distribution in a resource-limited setting. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8158969 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81589692021-05-28 Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination Goel, Rishi R. Apostolidis, Sokratis A. Painter, Mark M. Mathew, Divij Pattekar, Ajinkya Kuthuru, Oliva Gouma, Sigrid Hicks, Philip Meng, Wenzhao Rosenfeld, Aaron M. Dysinger, Sarah Lundgreen, Kendall A. Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia Adamski, Sharon Hicks, Amanda Korte, Scott Oldridge, Derek A. Baxter, Amy E. Giles, Josephine R. Weirick, Madison E. McAllister, Christopher M. Dougherty, Jeanette Long, Sherea D’Andrea, Kurt Hamilton, Jacob T. Betts, Michael R. Luning Prak, Eline T. Bates, Paul Hensley, Scott E. Greenplate, Allison R. Wherry, E. John Sci Immunol Research Articles Novel mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been authorized for emergency use. Despite their efficacy in clinical trials, data on mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses are mostly limited to serological analyses. Here, we interrogated antibody and antigen-specific memory B cells over time in 33 SARS-CoV-2 naïve and 11 SARS-CoV-2 recovered subjects. SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals required both vaccine doses for optimal increases in antibodies, particularly for neutralizing titers against the B.1.351 variant. Memory B cells specific for full-length spike protein and the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) were also efficiently primed by mRNA vaccination and detectable in all SARS-CoV-2 naive subjects after the second vaccine dose, though the memory B cell response declined slightly with age. In SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals, antibody and memory B cell responses were significantly boosted after the first vaccine dose; however, there was no increase in circulating antibodies, neutralizing titers, or antigen-specific memory B cells after the second dose. This robust boosting after the first vaccine dose strongly correlated with levels of pre-existing memory B cells in recovered individuals, identifying a key role for memory B cells in mounting recall responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Together, our data demonstrated robust serological and cellular priming by mRNA vaccines and revealed distinct responses based on prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure, whereby COVID-19 recovered subjects may only require a single vaccine dose to achieve peak antibody and memory B cell responses. These findings also highlight the utility of defining cellular responses in addition to serologies and may inform SARS-CoV-2 vaccine distribution in a resource-limited setting. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2021-04-15 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8158969/ /pubmed/33858945 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950 Text en Copyright © 2021, American Association for the Advancement of Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Goel, Rishi R. Apostolidis, Sokratis A. Painter, Mark M. Mathew, Divij Pattekar, Ajinkya Kuthuru, Oliva Gouma, Sigrid Hicks, Philip Meng, Wenzhao Rosenfeld, Aaron M. Dysinger, Sarah Lundgreen, Kendall A. Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia Adamski, Sharon Hicks, Amanda Korte, Scott Oldridge, Derek A. Baxter, Amy E. Giles, Josephine R. Weirick, Madison E. McAllister, Christopher M. Dougherty, Jeanette Long, Sherea D’Andrea, Kurt Hamilton, Jacob T. Betts, Michael R. Luning Prak, Eline T. Bates, Paul Hensley, Scott E. Greenplate, Allison R. Wherry, E. John Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title | Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title_full | Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title_fullStr | Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title_full_unstemmed | Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title_short | Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination |
title_sort | distinct antibody and memory b cell responses in sars-cov-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mrna vaccination |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8158969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858945 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abi6950 |
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