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An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit

Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest growing “high-intensity functional training” methods in recent years. Due to the very demanding motion sequences and high loads, it was initially assumed that there was an extremely high risk of injury. However, studies have shown that injury rates are give...

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Autores principales: Bernstorff, Maria A., Schumann, Norman, Maai, Nader, Schildhauer, Thomas A., Königshausen, Matthias
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069604
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9050068
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author Bernstorff, Maria A.
Schumann, Norman
Maai, Nader
Schildhauer, Thomas A.
Königshausen, Matthias
author_facet Bernstorff, Maria A.
Schumann, Norman
Maai, Nader
Schildhauer, Thomas A.
Königshausen, Matthias
author_sort Bernstorff, Maria A.
collection PubMed
description Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest growing “high-intensity functional training” methods in recent years. Due to the very demanding motion sequences and high loads, it was initially assumed that there was an extremely high risk of injury. However, studies have shown that injury rates are given between 0.74–3.3 per 1000 h of training, which is not higher than in other individual sports such as weightlifting. The purpose of the study was to estimate the type of pain symptoms that are directly related to CrossFit, to estimate the frequency of injuries that occur within a population of recreational CrossFit athletes, and, finally, to identify the factors influencing the frequency of pain during CrossFit training. Methods: A total of 414 active CrossFit athletes completed an online survey inclusive of 29 items focusing on individual physical characteristics and training behavior, as well as simultaneous or previously practiced sports. Results: There was a significantly higher proportion of knee pain in athletes who had previously or simultaneously played another sport (p = 0.014). The duration, intensity, or type of personal training plan developed, along with personal information such as age, gender, or BMI, had no significant influence on the pain data. We could not find any significant variance between the groups that we formed based on the differently stated one-repetition max (RMs). There were differences in athletes who stated that they did specific accessory exercises for small muscle groups. Above all, athletes performing exercises for the hamstrings and the gluteus medius indicated fewer pain symptoms for the sacro-iliac joint (SIJ)/iliac and lower back locations. Conclusions: It is important not to see CrossFit as a single type of sport. When treating a CrossFit athlete, care should be taken to address inter-individual differences. This underlines the significant differences of this study between the individual athletes with regard to the ability to master certain skills or their previous sporting experience. The mere fact of mastering certain exercises seems to lead to significantly more pain in certain regions. In addition, there seems to be a connection between the previous or simultaneous participation in other sports and the indication of pain in the knee region.
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spelling pubmed-81607092021-05-29 An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit Bernstorff, Maria A. Schumann, Norman Maai, Nader Schildhauer, Thomas A. Königshausen, Matthias Sports (Basel) Article Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest growing “high-intensity functional training” methods in recent years. Due to the very demanding motion sequences and high loads, it was initially assumed that there was an extremely high risk of injury. However, studies have shown that injury rates are given between 0.74–3.3 per 1000 h of training, which is not higher than in other individual sports such as weightlifting. The purpose of the study was to estimate the type of pain symptoms that are directly related to CrossFit, to estimate the frequency of injuries that occur within a population of recreational CrossFit athletes, and, finally, to identify the factors influencing the frequency of pain during CrossFit training. Methods: A total of 414 active CrossFit athletes completed an online survey inclusive of 29 items focusing on individual physical characteristics and training behavior, as well as simultaneous or previously practiced sports. Results: There was a significantly higher proportion of knee pain in athletes who had previously or simultaneously played another sport (p = 0.014). The duration, intensity, or type of personal training plan developed, along with personal information such as age, gender, or BMI, had no significant influence on the pain data. We could not find any significant variance between the groups that we formed based on the differently stated one-repetition max (RMs). There were differences in athletes who stated that they did specific accessory exercises for small muscle groups. Above all, athletes performing exercises for the hamstrings and the gluteus medius indicated fewer pain symptoms for the sacro-iliac joint (SIJ)/iliac and lower back locations. Conclusions: It is important not to see CrossFit as a single type of sport. When treating a CrossFit athlete, care should be taken to address inter-individual differences. This underlines the significant differences of this study between the individual athletes with regard to the ability to master certain skills or their previous sporting experience. The mere fact of mastering certain exercises seems to lead to significantly more pain in certain regions. In addition, there seems to be a connection between the previous or simultaneous participation in other sports and the indication of pain in the knee region. MDPI 2021-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8160709/ /pubmed/34069604 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9050068 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bernstorff, Maria A.
Schumann, Norman
Maai, Nader
Schildhauer, Thomas A.
Königshausen, Matthias
An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title_full An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title_fullStr An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title_full_unstemmed An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title_short An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit
title_sort analysis of sport-specific pain symptoms through inter-individual training differences in crossfit
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069604
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9050068
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