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Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions

Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, function...

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Autores principales: Mihăilescu, Maria, Negrea, Adina, Ciopec, Mihaela, Negrea, Petru, Duțeanu, Narcis, Grozav, Ion, Svera, Paula, Vancea, Cosmin, Bărbulescu, Alina, Dumitriu, Cristian Ștefan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34065249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050111
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author Mihăilescu, Maria
Negrea, Adina
Ciopec, Mihaela
Negrea, Petru
Duțeanu, Narcis
Grozav, Ion
Svera, Paula
Vancea, Cosmin
Bărbulescu, Alina
Dumitriu, Cristian Ștefan
author_facet Mihăilescu, Maria
Negrea, Adina
Ciopec, Mihaela
Negrea, Petru
Duțeanu, Narcis
Grozav, Ion
Svera, Paula
Vancea, Cosmin
Bărbulescu, Alina
Dumitriu, Cristian Ștefan
author_sort Mihăilescu, Maria
collection PubMed
description Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits.
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spelling pubmed-81609892021-05-29 Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions Mihăilescu, Maria Negrea, Adina Ciopec, Mihaela Negrea, Petru Duțeanu, Narcis Grozav, Ion Svera, Paula Vancea, Cosmin Bărbulescu, Alina Dumitriu, Cristian Ștefan Toxics Article Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits. MDPI 2021-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8160989/ /pubmed/34065249 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050111 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mihăilescu, Maria
Negrea, Adina
Ciopec, Mihaela
Negrea, Petru
Duțeanu, Narcis
Grozav, Ion
Svera, Paula
Vancea, Cosmin
Bărbulescu, Alina
Dumitriu, Cristian Ștefan
Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title_full Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title_fullStr Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title_full_unstemmed Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title_short Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
title_sort full factorial design for gold recovery from industrial solutions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34065249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050111
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