Cargando…

Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review

The past decade has seen a large influx of work investigating time of day variation in different human biofluid and tissue metabolomes. The driver of this daily variation can be endogenous circadian rhythms driven by the central and/or peripheral clocks, or exogenous diurnal rhythms driven by behavi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hancox, Thomas P. M., Skene, Debra J., Dallmann, Robert, Dunn, Warwick B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8161100/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050328
_version_ 1783700433698553856
author Hancox, Thomas P. M.
Skene, Debra J.
Dallmann, Robert
Dunn, Warwick B.
author_facet Hancox, Thomas P. M.
Skene, Debra J.
Dallmann, Robert
Dunn, Warwick B.
author_sort Hancox, Thomas P. M.
collection PubMed
description The past decade has seen a large influx of work investigating time of day variation in different human biofluid and tissue metabolomes. The driver of this daily variation can be endogenous circadian rhythms driven by the central and/or peripheral clocks, or exogenous diurnal rhythms driven by behavioural and environmental cycles, which manifest as regular 24 h cycles of metabolite concentrations. This review, of all published studies to date, establishes the extent of daily variation with regard to the number and identity of ‘rhythmic’ metabolites observed in blood, saliva, urine, breath, and skeletal muscle. The probable sources driving such variation, in addition to what metabolite classes are most susceptible in adhering to or uncoupling from such cycles is described in addition to a compiled list of common rhythmic metabolites. The reviewed studies show that the metabolome undergoes significant time of day variation, primarily observed for amino acids and multiple lipid classes. Such 24 h rhythms, driven by various factors discussed herein, are an additional source of intra/inter-individual variation and are thus highly pertinent to all studies applying untargeted and targeted metabolomics platforms, particularly for the construction of biomarker panels. The potential implications are discussed alongside proposed minimum reporting criteria suggested to acknowledge time of day variation as a potential influence of results and to facilitate improved reproducibility.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8161100
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81611002021-05-29 Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review Hancox, Thomas P. M. Skene, Debra J. Dallmann, Robert Dunn, Warwick B. Metabolites Review The past decade has seen a large influx of work investigating time of day variation in different human biofluid and tissue metabolomes. The driver of this daily variation can be endogenous circadian rhythms driven by the central and/or peripheral clocks, or exogenous diurnal rhythms driven by behavioural and environmental cycles, which manifest as regular 24 h cycles of metabolite concentrations. This review, of all published studies to date, establishes the extent of daily variation with regard to the number and identity of ‘rhythmic’ metabolites observed in blood, saliva, urine, breath, and skeletal muscle. The probable sources driving such variation, in addition to what metabolite classes are most susceptible in adhering to or uncoupling from such cycles is described in addition to a compiled list of common rhythmic metabolites. The reviewed studies show that the metabolome undergoes significant time of day variation, primarily observed for amino acids and multiple lipid classes. Such 24 h rhythms, driven by various factors discussed herein, are an additional source of intra/inter-individual variation and are thus highly pertinent to all studies applying untargeted and targeted metabolomics platforms, particularly for the construction of biomarker panels. The potential implications are discussed alongside proposed minimum reporting criteria suggested to acknowledge time of day variation as a potential influence of results and to facilitate improved reproducibility. MDPI 2021-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8161100/ /pubmed/34069741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050328 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Hancox, Thomas P. M.
Skene, Debra J.
Dallmann, Robert
Dunn, Warwick B.
Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title_full Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title_fullStr Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title_full_unstemmed Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title_short Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome—A Review
title_sort tick-tock consider the clock: the influence of circadian and external cycles on time of day variation in the human metabolome—a review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8161100/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050328
work_keys_str_mv AT hancoxthomaspm ticktockconsidertheclocktheinfluenceofcircadianandexternalcyclesontimeofdayvariationinthehumanmetabolomeareview
AT skenedebraj ticktockconsidertheclocktheinfluenceofcircadianandexternalcyclesontimeofdayvariationinthehumanmetabolomeareview
AT dallmannrobert ticktockconsidertheclocktheinfluenceofcircadianandexternalcyclesontimeofdayvariationinthehumanmetabolomeareview
AT dunnwarwickb ticktockconsidertheclocktheinfluenceofcircadianandexternalcyclesontimeofdayvariationinthehumanmetabolomeareview