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Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation and in advanced stages necrosis, is a gastrointestinal emergency in the neonate with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advancing medical care, effective prevention strategies remain sparse. Factors contribu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8161173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069699 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051726 |
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author | de Lange, Ilse H. van Gorp, Charlotte Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Laurens D. van Gemert, Wim G. Derikx, Joep P. M. Wolfs, Tim G. A. M. |
author_facet | de Lange, Ilse H. van Gorp, Charlotte Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Laurens D. van Gemert, Wim G. Derikx, Joep P. M. Wolfs, Tim G. A. M. |
author_sort | de Lange, Ilse H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation and in advanced stages necrosis, is a gastrointestinal emergency in the neonate with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advancing medical care, effective prevention strategies remain sparse. Factors contributing to the complex pathogenesis of NEC include immaturity of the intestinal immune defense, barrier function, motility and local circulatory regulation and abnormal microbial colonization. Interestingly, enteral feeding is regarded as an important modifiable factor influencing NEC pathogenesis. Moreover, breast milk, which forms the currently most effective prevention strategy, contains many bioactive components that are known to support neonatal immune development and promote healthy gut colonization. This systematic review describes the effect of different enteral feeding interventions on the prevention of NEC incidence and severity and the effect on pathophysiological mechanisms of NEC, in both experimental NEC models and clinical NEC. Besides, pathophysiological mechanisms involved in human NEC development are briefly described to give context for the findings of altered pathophysiological mechanisms of NEC by enteral feeding interventions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8161173 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81611732021-05-29 Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies de Lange, Ilse H. van Gorp, Charlotte Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Laurens D. van Gemert, Wim G. Derikx, Joep P. M. Wolfs, Tim G. A. M. Nutrients Review Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation and in advanced stages necrosis, is a gastrointestinal emergency in the neonate with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advancing medical care, effective prevention strategies remain sparse. Factors contributing to the complex pathogenesis of NEC include immaturity of the intestinal immune defense, barrier function, motility and local circulatory regulation and abnormal microbial colonization. Interestingly, enteral feeding is regarded as an important modifiable factor influencing NEC pathogenesis. Moreover, breast milk, which forms the currently most effective prevention strategy, contains many bioactive components that are known to support neonatal immune development and promote healthy gut colonization. This systematic review describes the effect of different enteral feeding interventions on the prevention of NEC incidence and severity and the effect on pathophysiological mechanisms of NEC, in both experimental NEC models and clinical NEC. Besides, pathophysiological mechanisms involved in human NEC development are briefly described to give context for the findings of altered pathophysiological mechanisms of NEC by enteral feeding interventions. MDPI 2021-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8161173/ /pubmed/34069699 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051726 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review de Lange, Ilse H. van Gorp, Charlotte Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Laurens D. van Gemert, Wim G. Derikx, Joep P. M. Wolfs, Tim G. A. M. Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title | Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title_full | Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title_fullStr | Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title_short | Enteral Feeding Interventions in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies |
title_sort | enteral feeding interventions in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review of experimental and clinical studies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8161173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34069699 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051726 |
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