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Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics
Greenhouse gas (GHG) metrics, that is, conversion factors to evaluate the emissions of non-CO(2) GHGs on a common scale with CO(2), serve crucial functions in the implementation of the Paris Agreement. While different metrics have been proposed, their economic cost-effectiveness has not been investi...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8163072/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34049873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf9020 |
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author | Tanaka, Katsumasa Boucher, Olivier Ciais, Philippe Johansson, Daniel J. A. Morfeldt, Johannes |
author_facet | Tanaka, Katsumasa Boucher, Olivier Ciais, Philippe Johansson, Daniel J. A. Morfeldt, Johannes |
author_sort | Tanaka, Katsumasa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Greenhouse gas (GHG) metrics, that is, conversion factors to evaluate the emissions of non-CO(2) GHGs on a common scale with CO(2), serve crucial functions in the implementation of the Paris Agreement. While different metrics have been proposed, their economic cost-effectiveness has not been investigated under a range of pathways, including those substantially overshooting the temperature targets. Here, we show that cost-effective metrics for methane that minimize the overall mitigation costs are time-dependent, primarily determined by the pathway, and strongly influenced by temperature overshoot. Parties to the Paris Agreement have already adopted the conventional GWP100 (100-year global warming potential), which is shown to be a good approximation of cost-effective metrics for the coming decades. In the longer term, however, we suggest that parties consider adapting the choice of common metrics to the future pathway as it unfolds, as part of the recurring global stocktake, if global cost-effectiveness is a key consideration. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8163072 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81630722021-06-07 Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics Tanaka, Katsumasa Boucher, Olivier Ciais, Philippe Johansson, Daniel J. A. Morfeldt, Johannes Sci Adv Research Articles Greenhouse gas (GHG) metrics, that is, conversion factors to evaluate the emissions of non-CO(2) GHGs on a common scale with CO(2), serve crucial functions in the implementation of the Paris Agreement. While different metrics have been proposed, their economic cost-effectiveness has not been investigated under a range of pathways, including those substantially overshooting the temperature targets. Here, we show that cost-effective metrics for methane that minimize the overall mitigation costs are time-dependent, primarily determined by the pathway, and strongly influenced by temperature overshoot. Parties to the Paris Agreement have already adopted the conventional GWP100 (100-year global warming potential), which is shown to be a good approximation of cost-effective metrics for the coming decades. In the longer term, however, we suggest that parties consider adapting the choice of common metrics to the future pathway as it unfolds, as part of the recurring global stocktake, if global cost-effectiveness is a key consideration. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2021-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8163072/ /pubmed/34049873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf9020 Text en Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Tanaka, Katsumasa Boucher, Olivier Ciais, Philippe Johansson, Daniel J. A. Morfeldt, Johannes Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title | Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title_full | Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title_fullStr | Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title_full_unstemmed | Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title_short | Cost-effective implementation of the Paris Agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
title_sort | cost-effective implementation of the paris agreement using flexible greenhouse gas metrics |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8163072/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34049873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf9020 |
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