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c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation
Keratinocyte differentiation dysfunction in diabetic skin is closely related to impaired skin barrier functions. We investigated the effects of c-Myc and S100A6 on Human immortal keratinocyte line (HaCaT) or keratinocyte differentiation and potential mechanisms. The expression levels of differentiat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8163689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34060533 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.676403 |
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author | Zhang, Jie Yang, Peilang Liu, Dan Gao, Min Wang, Jizhuang Wang, Xiqiao Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiong |
author_facet | Zhang, Jie Yang, Peilang Liu, Dan Gao, Min Wang, Jizhuang Wang, Xiqiao Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiong |
author_sort | Zhang, Jie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Keratinocyte differentiation dysfunction in diabetic skin is closely related to impaired skin barrier functions. We investigated the effects of c-Myc and S100A6 on Human immortal keratinocyte line (HaCaT) or keratinocyte differentiation and potential mechanisms. The expression levels of differentiation makers such as transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), loricrin (LOR), and keratin 1 (K1) were significantly reduced, while the expression of c-Myc was significantly increased in HaCaT cells cultured in high glucose and wound margin keratinocytes from diabetic rats and human patients. Overexpression of c-Myc caused differentiation dysfunction of HaCaT, while knocking down c-Myc promoted differentiation. High glucose increased the expression of c-Myc and inhibited differentiation in HaCaT cells by activating the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, inhibition of c-Myc transcriptional activity alleviated the differentiation dysfunction caused by high glucose or overexpression of c-Myc. c-Myc binds to the S100A6 promoter to directly regulate S100A6 expression and high glucose promoted S100A6 transcription. The expression of S100A6 was increased in HaCaT cultured with high glucose and wound margin keratinocytes from diabetic rats and human patients. However, the expression of S100A6 was decreased during normal HaCaT differentiation. HaCaT cells treated with S100A6 recombinant protein showed differentiation dysfunction. The expressions of TGM1, LOR and K1 in knockdown S100A6 HaCaT cells were higher than those in the control group. Overexpression of c-Myc or high glucose caused differentiation dysfunction of HaCaT cells, and was rescued by knocking down S100A6. These findings illustrate a new mechanism by which c-Myc upregulated by high glucose inhibits HaCaT differentiation by directly activating S100A6 transcription. Thus, c-Myc and S100A6 may be potential targets for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8163689 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81636892021-05-30 c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation Zhang, Jie Yang, Peilang Liu, Dan Gao, Min Wang, Jizhuang Wang, Xiqiao Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiong Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Keratinocyte differentiation dysfunction in diabetic skin is closely related to impaired skin barrier functions. We investigated the effects of c-Myc and S100A6 on Human immortal keratinocyte line (HaCaT) or keratinocyte differentiation and potential mechanisms. The expression levels of differentiation makers such as transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), loricrin (LOR), and keratin 1 (K1) were significantly reduced, while the expression of c-Myc was significantly increased in HaCaT cells cultured in high glucose and wound margin keratinocytes from diabetic rats and human patients. Overexpression of c-Myc caused differentiation dysfunction of HaCaT, while knocking down c-Myc promoted differentiation. High glucose increased the expression of c-Myc and inhibited differentiation in HaCaT cells by activating the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, inhibition of c-Myc transcriptional activity alleviated the differentiation dysfunction caused by high glucose or overexpression of c-Myc. c-Myc binds to the S100A6 promoter to directly regulate S100A6 expression and high glucose promoted S100A6 transcription. The expression of S100A6 was increased in HaCaT cultured with high glucose and wound margin keratinocytes from diabetic rats and human patients. However, the expression of S100A6 was decreased during normal HaCaT differentiation. HaCaT cells treated with S100A6 recombinant protein showed differentiation dysfunction. The expressions of TGM1, LOR and K1 in knockdown S100A6 HaCaT cells were higher than those in the control group. Overexpression of c-Myc or high glucose caused differentiation dysfunction of HaCaT cells, and was rescued by knocking down S100A6. These findings illustrate a new mechanism by which c-Myc upregulated by high glucose inhibits HaCaT differentiation by directly activating S100A6 transcription. Thus, c-Myc and S100A6 may be potential targets for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8163689/ /pubmed/34060533 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.676403 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhang, Yang, Liu, Gao, Wang, Wang, Liu and Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Zhang, Jie Yang, Peilang Liu, Dan Gao, Min Wang, Jizhuang Wang, Xiqiao Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiong c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title | c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title_full | c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title_fullStr | c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title_full_unstemmed | c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title_short | c-Myc Upregulated by High Glucose Inhibits HaCaT Differentiation by S100A6 Transcriptional Activation |
title_sort | c-myc upregulated by high glucose inhibits hacat differentiation by s100a6 transcriptional activation |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8163689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34060533 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.676403 |
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