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Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements composed of a noxious toxin and a counteracting cognate antitoxin. Although they are widespread in bacterial chromosomes and in mobile genetic elements, their cellular functions and activation mechanisms remain largely unknown. It has been prop...

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Autores principales: Bordes, Patricia, Genevaux, Pierre
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34079824
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.691399
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author Bordes, Patricia
Genevaux, Pierre
author_facet Bordes, Patricia
Genevaux, Pierre
author_sort Bordes, Patricia
collection PubMed
description Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements composed of a noxious toxin and a counteracting cognate antitoxin. Although they are widespread in bacterial chromosomes and in mobile genetic elements, their cellular functions and activation mechanisms remain largely unknown. It has been proposed that toxin activation or expression of the TA operon could rely on the degradation of generally less stable antitoxins by cellular proteases. The resulting active toxin would then target essential cellular processes and inhibit bacterial growth. Although interplay between proteases and TA systems has been observed, evidences for such activation cycle are very limited. Herein, we present an overview of the current knowledge on TA recognition by proteases with a main focus on the major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which harbours multiple TA systems (over 80), the essential AAA + stress proteases, ClpC1P1P2 and ClpXP1P2, and the Pup-proteasome system.
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spelling pubmed-81652322021-06-01 Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Bordes, Patricia Genevaux, Pierre Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements composed of a noxious toxin and a counteracting cognate antitoxin. Although they are widespread in bacterial chromosomes and in mobile genetic elements, their cellular functions and activation mechanisms remain largely unknown. It has been proposed that toxin activation or expression of the TA operon could rely on the degradation of generally less stable antitoxins by cellular proteases. The resulting active toxin would then target essential cellular processes and inhibit bacterial growth. Although interplay between proteases and TA systems has been observed, evidences for such activation cycle are very limited. Herein, we present an overview of the current knowledge on TA recognition by proteases with a main focus on the major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which harbours multiple TA systems (over 80), the essential AAA + stress proteases, ClpC1P1P2 and ClpXP1P2, and the Pup-proteasome system. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8165232/ /pubmed/34079824 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.691399 Text en Copyright © 2021 Bordes and Genevaux. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Molecular Biosciences
Bordes, Patricia
Genevaux, Pierre
Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title_full Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title_fullStr Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title_full_unstemmed Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title_short Control of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems by Proteases in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
title_sort control of toxin-antitoxin systems by proteases in mycobacterium tuberculosis
topic Molecular Biosciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34079824
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.691399
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