Cargando…

Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development

Plants of the genus Cannabis have been used by humans for millennia for a variety of purposes. Perhaps most notable is the use of certain Cannabis strains for their psychoactive effects. More recently, several biologically active molecules within the plants of these Cannabis strains, called phytocan...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ghosh, Sumana, Stansak, Kendra, Walters, Bradley J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165240/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34079440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.678510
_version_ 1783701276500951040
author Ghosh, Sumana
Stansak, Kendra
Walters, Bradley J.
author_facet Ghosh, Sumana
Stansak, Kendra
Walters, Bradley J.
author_sort Ghosh, Sumana
collection PubMed
description Plants of the genus Cannabis have been used by humans for millennia for a variety of purposes. Perhaps most notable is the use of certain Cannabis strains for their psychoactive effects. More recently, several biologically active molecules within the plants of these Cannabis strains, called phytocannabinoids or simply cannabinoids, have been identified. Furthermore, within human cells, endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids, as well as the receptors and secondary messengers that give rise to their neuromodulatory effects, have also been characterized. This endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of two primary ligands—anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol; two primary receptors—cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2; and several enzymes involved in biosynthesis and degradation of endocannabinoid ligands including diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Here we briefly summarize cannabinoid signaling and review what has been discerned to date with regard to cannabinoid signaling in the auditory system and its roles in normal physiological function as well as pathological conditions. While much has been uncovered regarding cannabinoid signaling in the central nervous system, less attention has been paid to the auditory system specifically. Still, evidence is emerging to suggest that cannabinoid signaling is critical for the development, maturation, function, and survival of cochlear hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Furthermore, cannabinoid signaling can have profound effects on synaptic connectivity in CNS structures related to auditory processing. While clinical cases demonstrate that endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids impact auditory function, this review highlights several areas, such as SGN development, where more research is warranted.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8165240
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81652402021-06-01 Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development Ghosh, Sumana Stansak, Kendra Walters, Bradley J. Front Mol Neurosci Molecular Neuroscience Plants of the genus Cannabis have been used by humans for millennia for a variety of purposes. Perhaps most notable is the use of certain Cannabis strains for their psychoactive effects. More recently, several biologically active molecules within the plants of these Cannabis strains, called phytocannabinoids or simply cannabinoids, have been identified. Furthermore, within human cells, endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids, as well as the receptors and secondary messengers that give rise to their neuromodulatory effects, have also been characterized. This endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of two primary ligands—anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol; two primary receptors—cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2; and several enzymes involved in biosynthesis and degradation of endocannabinoid ligands including diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Here we briefly summarize cannabinoid signaling and review what has been discerned to date with regard to cannabinoid signaling in the auditory system and its roles in normal physiological function as well as pathological conditions. While much has been uncovered regarding cannabinoid signaling in the central nervous system, less attention has been paid to the auditory system specifically. Still, evidence is emerging to suggest that cannabinoid signaling is critical for the development, maturation, function, and survival of cochlear hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Furthermore, cannabinoid signaling can have profound effects on synaptic connectivity in CNS structures related to auditory processing. While clinical cases demonstrate that endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids impact auditory function, this review highlights several areas, such as SGN development, where more research is warranted. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8165240/ /pubmed/34079440 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.678510 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ghosh, Stansak and Walters. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Molecular Neuroscience
Ghosh, Sumana
Stansak, Kendra
Walters, Bradley J.
Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title_full Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title_fullStr Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title_full_unstemmed Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title_short Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development
title_sort cannabinoid signaling in auditory function and development
topic Molecular Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165240/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34079440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.678510
work_keys_str_mv AT ghoshsumana cannabinoidsignalinginauditoryfunctionanddevelopment
AT stansakkendra cannabinoidsignalinginauditoryfunctionanddevelopment
AT waltersbradleyj cannabinoidsignalinginauditoryfunctionanddevelopment