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Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology

Multicellular organisms are composed of tissues with diverse cell sizes. Whether a tissue primarily consists of numerous, small cells as opposed to fewer, large cells can impact tissue development and function. The addition of nuclear genome copies within a common cytoplasm is a recurring strategy t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Peterson, Nora G., Fox, Donald T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8169410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34075512
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09664-3
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author Peterson, Nora G.
Fox, Donald T.
author_facet Peterson, Nora G.
Fox, Donald T.
author_sort Peterson, Nora G.
collection PubMed
description Multicellular organisms are composed of tissues with diverse cell sizes. Whether a tissue primarily consists of numerous, small cells as opposed to fewer, large cells can impact tissue development and function. The addition of nuclear genome copies within a common cytoplasm is a recurring strategy to manipulate cellular size within a tissue. Cells with more than two genomes can exist transiently, such as in developing germlines or embryos, or can be part of mature somatic tissues. Such nuclear collectives span multiple levels of organization, from mononuclear or binuclear polyploid cells to highly multinucleate structures known as syncytia. Here, we review the diversity of polyploid and syncytial tissues found throughout nature. We summarize current literature concerning tissue construction through syncytia and/or polyploidy and speculate why one or both strategies are advantageous.
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spelling pubmed-81694102021-06-02 Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology Peterson, Nora G. Fox, Donald T. Chromosome Res Waldeyer-Flemming Special Collection Multicellular organisms are composed of tissues with diverse cell sizes. Whether a tissue primarily consists of numerous, small cells as opposed to fewer, large cells can impact tissue development and function. The addition of nuclear genome copies within a common cytoplasm is a recurring strategy to manipulate cellular size within a tissue. Cells with more than two genomes can exist transiently, such as in developing germlines or embryos, or can be part of mature somatic tissues. Such nuclear collectives span multiple levels of organization, from mononuclear or binuclear polyploid cells to highly multinucleate structures known as syncytia. Here, we review the diversity of polyploid and syncytial tissues found throughout nature. We summarize current literature concerning tissue construction through syncytia and/or polyploidy and speculate why one or both strategies are advantageous. Springer Netherlands 2021-06-01 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8169410/ /pubmed/34075512 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09664-3 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Waldeyer-Flemming Special Collection
Peterson, Nora G.
Fox, Donald T.
Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title_full Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title_fullStr Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title_full_unstemmed Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title_short Communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
title_sort communal living: the role of polyploidy and syncytia in tissue biology
topic Waldeyer-Flemming Special Collection
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8169410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34075512
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09664-3
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