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Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury
Diet and exercise are the most effective approaches used to induce weight loss. D-psicose is a low-calorie sweetener that has been shown to reduce weight in obese individuals. However, the effect of D-psicose on muscle cells under oxidative stress, which is produced during exercise, requires further...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
D.A. Spandidos
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8170266/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34080650 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12175 |
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author | Wei, Zhen-Jie Sun, Lu Li, Yu-Lin Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh Wang, Ying Feng, Qian-Wen Zhang, Yan-Zhuo Inadera, Hidekuni Cui, Zheng-Guo Wu, Cheng-Ai |
author_facet | Wei, Zhen-Jie Sun, Lu Li, Yu-Lin Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh Wang, Ying Feng, Qian-Wen Zhang, Yan-Zhuo Inadera, Hidekuni Cui, Zheng-Guo Wu, Cheng-Ai |
author_sort | Wei, Zhen-Jie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diet and exercise are the most effective approaches used to induce weight loss. D-psicose is a low-calorie sweetener that has been shown to reduce weight in obese individuals. However, the effect of D-psicose on muscle cells under oxidative stress, which is produced during exercise, requires further investigation. The present study aimed to determine the effects of D-psicose on C2C12 myogenic cells in vitro. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was used to stimulate the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in muscle cells to mimic exercise conditions. Cell viability was analyzed using a MTT assay and flow cytometry was used to analyze the levels of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the generation of ROS and the cell cycle distribution following treatment. Furthermore, protein expression levels were analyzed using western blotting and cell proliferation was determined using a colony formation assay. The results of the present study revealed that D-psicose alone exerted no toxicity on C2C12 mouse myogenic cells. However, in the presence of low-dose (100 µM) H(2)O(2)-induced ROS, D-psicose induced C2C12 cell injury and significantly decreased C2C12 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the levels of apoptosis and the generation of ROS increased, while the MMP decreased. MAPK family molecules were also activated in a dose-dependent manner following treatment. Notably, the combined treatment induced G(2)/M phase arrest and reduced the proliferation of C2C12 cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that D-psicose may induce toxic effects on muscle cells in a simulated exercise situation by increasing ROS levels, activating the MAPK signaling pathway and disrupting the MMP. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8170266 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | D.A. Spandidos |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81702662021-06-04 Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury Wei, Zhen-Jie Sun, Lu Li, Yu-Lin Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh Wang, Ying Feng, Qian-Wen Zhang, Yan-Zhuo Inadera, Hidekuni Cui, Zheng-Guo Wu, Cheng-Ai Mol Med Rep Articles Diet and exercise are the most effective approaches used to induce weight loss. D-psicose is a low-calorie sweetener that has been shown to reduce weight in obese individuals. However, the effect of D-psicose on muscle cells under oxidative stress, which is produced during exercise, requires further investigation. The present study aimed to determine the effects of D-psicose on C2C12 myogenic cells in vitro. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was used to stimulate the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in muscle cells to mimic exercise conditions. Cell viability was analyzed using a MTT assay and flow cytometry was used to analyze the levels of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the generation of ROS and the cell cycle distribution following treatment. Furthermore, protein expression levels were analyzed using western blotting and cell proliferation was determined using a colony formation assay. The results of the present study revealed that D-psicose alone exerted no toxicity on C2C12 mouse myogenic cells. However, in the presence of low-dose (100 µM) H(2)O(2)-induced ROS, D-psicose induced C2C12 cell injury and significantly decreased C2C12 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the levels of apoptosis and the generation of ROS increased, while the MMP decreased. MAPK family molecules were also activated in a dose-dependent manner following treatment. Notably, the combined treatment induced G(2)/M phase arrest and reduced the proliferation of C2C12 cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that D-psicose may induce toxic effects on muscle cells in a simulated exercise situation by increasing ROS levels, activating the MAPK signaling pathway and disrupting the MMP. D.A. Spandidos 2021-07 2021-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8170266/ /pubmed/34080650 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12175 Text en Copyright: © Wei et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Articles Wei, Zhen-Jie Sun, Lu Li, Yu-Lin Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh Wang, Ying Feng, Qian-Wen Zhang, Yan-Zhuo Inadera, Hidekuni Cui, Zheng-Guo Wu, Cheng-Ai Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title | Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title_full | Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title_fullStr | Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title_full_unstemmed | Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title_short | Low-calorie sweetener D-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in C2C12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
title_sort | low-calorie sweetener d-psicose promotes hydrogen peroxide-mediated apoptosis in c2c12 myogenic cells favoring skeletal muscle cell injury |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8170266/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34080650 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12175 |
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