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Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis

Kidney macrophages are central in kidney disease pathogenesis and have therapeutic potential in preventing tissue injury and fibrosis. Recent studies highlighted that kidney macrophages are notably heterogeneous immune cells that fulfill opposing functions such as clearing deposited pathogens, maint...

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Autores principales: Wen, Yi, Yan, Hong-Ru, Wang, Bin, Liu, Bi-Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8173188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34093584
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.681748
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author Wen, Yi
Yan, Hong-Ru
Wang, Bin
Liu, Bi-Cheng
author_facet Wen, Yi
Yan, Hong-Ru
Wang, Bin
Liu, Bi-Cheng
author_sort Wen, Yi
collection PubMed
description Kidney macrophages are central in kidney disease pathogenesis and have therapeutic potential in preventing tissue injury and fibrosis. Recent studies highlighted that kidney macrophages are notably heterogeneous immune cells that fulfill opposing functions such as clearing deposited pathogens, maintaining immune tolerance, initiating and regulating inflammatory responses, promoting kidney fibrosis, and degrading the extracellular matrix. Macrophage origins can partially explain macrophage heterogeneity in the kidneys. Circulating Ly6C(+) monocytes are recruited to inflammatory sites by chemokines, while self-renewed kidney resident macrophages contribute to kidney repair and fibrosis. The proliferation of resident macrophages or infiltrating monocytes provides an alternative explanation of macrophage accumulation after kidney injury. In addition, dynamic Ly6C expression on infiltrating monocytes accompanies functional changes in handling kidney inflammation and fibrosis. Mechanisms underlying kidney macrophage heterogeneity, either by recruiting monocyte subpopulations, regulating macrophage polarization, or impacting distinctive macrophage functions, may help develop macrophage-targeted therapies for kidney diseases.
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spelling pubmed-81731882021-06-04 Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis Wen, Yi Yan, Hong-Ru Wang, Bin Liu, Bi-Cheng Front Immunol Immunology Kidney macrophages are central in kidney disease pathogenesis and have therapeutic potential in preventing tissue injury and fibrosis. Recent studies highlighted that kidney macrophages are notably heterogeneous immune cells that fulfill opposing functions such as clearing deposited pathogens, maintaining immune tolerance, initiating and regulating inflammatory responses, promoting kidney fibrosis, and degrading the extracellular matrix. Macrophage origins can partially explain macrophage heterogeneity in the kidneys. Circulating Ly6C(+) monocytes are recruited to inflammatory sites by chemokines, while self-renewed kidney resident macrophages contribute to kidney repair and fibrosis. The proliferation of resident macrophages or infiltrating monocytes provides an alternative explanation of macrophage accumulation after kidney injury. In addition, dynamic Ly6C expression on infiltrating monocytes accompanies functional changes in handling kidney inflammation and fibrosis. Mechanisms underlying kidney macrophage heterogeneity, either by recruiting monocyte subpopulations, regulating macrophage polarization, or impacting distinctive macrophage functions, may help develop macrophage-targeted therapies for kidney diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8173188/ /pubmed/34093584 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.681748 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wen, Yan, Wang and Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Wen, Yi
Yan, Hong-Ru
Wang, Bin
Liu, Bi-Cheng
Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title_full Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title_fullStr Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title_full_unstemmed Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title_short Macrophage Heterogeneity in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
title_sort macrophage heterogeneity in kidney injury and fibrosis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8173188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34093584
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.681748
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