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FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis
BACKGROUND: As an important subfamily of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), fasciclin-like AGPs (FLAs) contribute to various aspects of growth, development and adaptation, yet their function remains largely elusive. Despite the diversity of FLAs, only two members, Arabidopsis FLA3 and rice MTR1, are r...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8173729/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03038-x |
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author | Miao, Yingjing Cao, Jiashu Huang, Li Yu, Youjian Lin, Sue |
author_facet | Miao, Yingjing Cao, Jiashu Huang, Li Yu, Youjian Lin, Sue |
author_sort | Miao, Yingjing |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: As an important subfamily of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), fasciclin-like AGPs (FLAs) contribute to various aspects of growth, development and adaptation, yet their function remains largely elusive. Despite the diversity of FLAs, only two members, Arabidopsis FLA3 and rice MTR1, are reported to be involved in sexual reproduction. In this study, another Arabidopsis FLA-encoding gene, FLA14, was identified, and its role was investigated. RESULTS: Arabidopsis FLA14 was found to be a pollen grain-specific gene. Expression results from fusion with green fluorescent protein showed that FLA14 was localized along the cell membrane and in Hechtian strands. A loss-of-function mutant of FLA14 showed no discernible defects during male gametogenesis, but precocious pollen germination occurred inside the mature anthers under high moisture conditions. Overexpression of FLA14 caused 39.2% abnormal pollen grains with a shrunken and withered appearance, leading to largely reduced fertility with short mature siliques and lower seed set. Cytological and ultramicroscopic observation showed that ectopic expression of FLA14 caused disruption at the uninucleate stage, resulting in either collapsed pollen with absent intine or pollen of normal appearance but with a thickened intine. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data suggest a role for FLA14 in pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination inside the anthers under high relative humidity in Arabidopsis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03038-x. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8173729 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81737292021-06-03 FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis Miao, Yingjing Cao, Jiashu Huang, Li Yu, Youjian Lin, Sue BMC Plant Biol Research BACKGROUND: As an important subfamily of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), fasciclin-like AGPs (FLAs) contribute to various aspects of growth, development and adaptation, yet their function remains largely elusive. Despite the diversity of FLAs, only two members, Arabidopsis FLA3 and rice MTR1, are reported to be involved in sexual reproduction. In this study, another Arabidopsis FLA-encoding gene, FLA14, was identified, and its role was investigated. RESULTS: Arabidopsis FLA14 was found to be a pollen grain-specific gene. Expression results from fusion with green fluorescent protein showed that FLA14 was localized along the cell membrane and in Hechtian strands. A loss-of-function mutant of FLA14 showed no discernible defects during male gametogenesis, but precocious pollen germination occurred inside the mature anthers under high moisture conditions. Overexpression of FLA14 caused 39.2% abnormal pollen grains with a shrunken and withered appearance, leading to largely reduced fertility with short mature siliques and lower seed set. Cytological and ultramicroscopic observation showed that ectopic expression of FLA14 caused disruption at the uninucleate stage, resulting in either collapsed pollen with absent intine or pollen of normal appearance but with a thickened intine. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data suggest a role for FLA14 in pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination inside the anthers under high relative humidity in Arabidopsis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03038-x. BioMed Central 2021-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8173729/ /pubmed/34082704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03038-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Miao, Yingjing Cao, Jiashu Huang, Li Yu, Youjian Lin, Sue FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title | FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title_full | FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title_fullStr | FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title_full_unstemmed | FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title_short | FLA14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in Arabidopsis |
title_sort | fla14 is required for pollen development and preventing premature pollen germination under high humidity in arabidopsis |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8173729/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03038-x |
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