Consensus Decision‐Making for the Management of Antiplatelet Therapy before Non‐Cardiac Surgery in Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Second‐Generation Drug‐Eluting Stents: A Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: Although antiplatelet therapy (APT) has been recommended to balance ischemic‐bleeding risks, it has been left to an individualized decision‐making based on physicians' perspectives before non‐cardiac surgery. The study aimed to assess the advantages of a consensus among physicians, surgeons, and anesthesiologists on continuation and regimen of preoperative APT in patients with coronary drug‐eluting stents. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 3582 adult patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery after percutaneous coronary intervention with second‐generation stents was retrospectively included from a multicenter cohort. Physicians determined whether APT should be continued or discontinued for a recommended period before non‐cardiac surgery. There were 3103 patients who complied with a consensus decision. Arbitrary APT, not based on a consensus decision, was associated with urgent surgery, high bleeding risk of surgery, female sex, and dual APT at the time of preoperative evaluation. Arbitrary APT independently increased the net clinical adverse event (adjusted odds ratio [OR(adj)], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.98–3.11), major adverse cardiac event (OR(adj), 3.11; 95% CI, 1.31–7.34), and major bleeding (OR(adj), 2.34; 95% CI, 1.45–3.76) risks. The association was consistently noted, irrespective of the surgical risks, recommendations, and practice on discontinuation of APT. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients were treated in agreement with a consensus decision about preoperative APT based on a referral system among physicians, surgeons, and anesthesiologists. The risk of perioperative adverse events increased if complying with a consensus decision was failed. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03908463.