Cargando…

Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease

There is growing evidence that thinned retinal regions are interspersed with thickened regions in all retinal layers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), causing roughness to appear on layer thickness maps. The hypothesis is that roughness of retinal layers, assessed by the fractal dimension (...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jáñez-García, Lucía, Bachtoula, Omar, Salobrar-García, Elena, de Hoz, Rosa, Ramirez, Ana I., Gil, Pedro, Ramirez, José M., Jáñez-Escalada, Luis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8175587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34083574
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91097-3
_version_ 1783703074865414144
author Jáñez-García, Lucía
Bachtoula, Omar
Salobrar-García, Elena
de Hoz, Rosa
Ramirez, Ana I.
Gil, Pedro
Ramirez, José M.
Jáñez-Escalada, Luis
author_facet Jáñez-García, Lucía
Bachtoula, Omar
Salobrar-García, Elena
de Hoz, Rosa
Ramirez, Ana I.
Gil, Pedro
Ramirez, José M.
Jáñez-Escalada, Luis
author_sort Jáñez-García, Lucía
collection PubMed
description There is growing evidence that thinned retinal regions are interspersed with thickened regions in all retinal layers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), causing roughness to appear on layer thickness maps. The hypothesis is that roughness of retinal layers, assessed by the fractal dimension (FD) of their thickness maps, is an early biomarker of AD. Ten retinal layers have been studied in macular volumes of optical coherence tomography from 24 healthy volunteers and 19 patients with mild AD (Mini-Mental State Examination 23.42 ± 3.11). Results show that FD of retinal layers is greater in the AD group, the differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Correlation of layer FD with cognitive score, visual acuity and age reach statistical significance at 7 layers. Nearly all (44 out of 45) FD correlations among layers are positive and half of them reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). Factor analysis unveiled two independent factors identified as the dysregulation of the choroidal vascular network and the retinal inflammatory process. Conclusions: surface roughness is a holistic feature of retinal layers that can be assessed by the FD of their thickness maps and it is an early biomarker of AD.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8175587
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81755872021-06-07 Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease Jáñez-García, Lucía Bachtoula, Omar Salobrar-García, Elena de Hoz, Rosa Ramirez, Ana I. Gil, Pedro Ramirez, José M. Jáñez-Escalada, Luis Sci Rep Article There is growing evidence that thinned retinal regions are interspersed with thickened regions in all retinal layers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), causing roughness to appear on layer thickness maps. The hypothesis is that roughness of retinal layers, assessed by the fractal dimension (FD) of their thickness maps, is an early biomarker of AD. Ten retinal layers have been studied in macular volumes of optical coherence tomography from 24 healthy volunteers and 19 patients with mild AD (Mini-Mental State Examination 23.42 ± 3.11). Results show that FD of retinal layers is greater in the AD group, the differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Correlation of layer FD with cognitive score, visual acuity and age reach statistical significance at 7 layers. Nearly all (44 out of 45) FD correlations among layers are positive and half of them reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). Factor analysis unveiled two independent factors identified as the dysregulation of the choroidal vascular network and the retinal inflammatory process. Conclusions: surface roughness is a holistic feature of retinal layers that can be assessed by the FD of their thickness maps and it is an early biomarker of AD. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8175587/ /pubmed/34083574 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91097-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Jáñez-García, Lucía
Bachtoula, Omar
Salobrar-García, Elena
de Hoz, Rosa
Ramirez, Ana I.
Gil, Pedro
Ramirez, José M.
Jáñez-Escalada, Luis
Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title_full Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title_fullStr Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title_full_unstemmed Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title_short Roughness of retinal layers in Alzheimer’s disease
title_sort roughness of retinal layers in alzheimer’s disease
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8175587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34083574
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91097-3
work_keys_str_mv AT janezgarcialucia roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT bachtoulaomar roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT salobrargarciaelena roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT dehozrosa roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT ramirezanai roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT gilpedro roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT ramirezjosem roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease
AT janezescaladaluis roughnessofretinallayersinalzheimersdisease