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Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial
BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects approximately 14% to 25% of women of reproductive age. The most common use of office hysteroscopy is to evaluate pathologies related to AUB and reproductive health, but office hysteroscopy can also be used for the diagnosis and treatment of other i...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8176380/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34085547 http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2021.135 |
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author | Gulucu, Selim Cakmak, Bulent |
author_facet | Gulucu, Selim Cakmak, Bulent |
author_sort | Gulucu, Selim |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects approximately 14% to 25% of women of reproductive age. The most common use of office hysteroscopy is to evaluate pathologies related to AUB and reproductive health, but office hysteroscopy can also be used for the diagnosis and treatment of other intrauterine pathologies. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effects of the temperature of the distension fluid on pain severity in patients undergoing diagnostic office hysteroscopy due to AUB. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Tertiary care center in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred perimenopausal patients with AUB were randomly allocated according to the temperature of the distension fluid used in office hysteroscopy (37°C or 25°C). Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Six VAS measurements were compared over the course of the hysteroscopy: pre-treatment (VAS-1), at vaginal entry (VAS-2), at the cervical ostium transition (VAS-3), while in the cavity (VAS-4), at the end of the procedure (VAS-5), and 30 minutes after the end of the procedure (VAS-6). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: VAS SAMPLE SIZE: Fifty in each group enrolled, one drop out. RESULTS: The VAS-3, VAS-4, and VAS-5 scores were significantly lower for patients in the warm fluid group than in the room temperature group (P<.05), whereas the VAS-1, VAS-2, and VAS-6 scores were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The application of warm distension fluid in office hysteroscopy reduces pain severity compared with the application of an unheated fluid. LIMITATIONS: The main limitations of the study were that a subgroup analysis could not be performed due to an insufficient number of cases, and we were unable to evaluate vasovagal symptoms. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8176380 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81763802021-06-07 Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial Gulucu, Selim Cakmak, Bulent Ann Saudi Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects approximately 14% to 25% of women of reproductive age. The most common use of office hysteroscopy is to evaluate pathologies related to AUB and reproductive health, but office hysteroscopy can also be used for the diagnosis and treatment of other intrauterine pathologies. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effects of the temperature of the distension fluid on pain severity in patients undergoing diagnostic office hysteroscopy due to AUB. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Tertiary care center in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred perimenopausal patients with AUB were randomly allocated according to the temperature of the distension fluid used in office hysteroscopy (37°C or 25°C). Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Six VAS measurements were compared over the course of the hysteroscopy: pre-treatment (VAS-1), at vaginal entry (VAS-2), at the cervical ostium transition (VAS-3), while in the cavity (VAS-4), at the end of the procedure (VAS-5), and 30 minutes after the end of the procedure (VAS-6). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: VAS SAMPLE SIZE: Fifty in each group enrolled, one drop out. RESULTS: The VAS-3, VAS-4, and VAS-5 scores were significantly lower for patients in the warm fluid group than in the room temperature group (P<.05), whereas the VAS-1, VAS-2, and VAS-6 scores were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The application of warm distension fluid in office hysteroscopy reduces pain severity compared with the application of an unheated fluid. LIMITATIONS: The main limitations of the study were that a subgroup analysis could not be performed due to an insufficient number of cases, and we were unable to evaluate vasovagal symptoms. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre 2021-06 2021-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8176380/ /pubmed/34085547 http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2021.135 Text en Copyright © 2021, Annals of Saudi Medicine, Saudi Arabia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND). The details of which can be accessed at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
spellingShingle | Original Article Gulucu, Selim Cakmak, Bulent Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title | Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title_full | Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title_fullStr | Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title_full_unstemmed | Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title_short | Warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
title_sort | warm distension fluid reduces pain severity in office hysteroscopy: a randomized controlled trial |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8176380/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34085547 http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2021.135 |
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