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Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam

BACKGROUND: Vaginal candidiasis is frequent in women of reproductive age. Accurate identification Candida provides helpful information for successful therapy and epidemiology study; however, there are very limited data from the Vietnam have been reported. This study was performed to determine the pr...

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Autores principales: Anh, Do Ngoc, Hung, Dao Nguyen, Tien, Tran Viet, Dinh, Vu Nhat, Son, Vu Tung, Luong, Nguyen Viet, Van, Nguyen Thi, Quynh, Nguyen Thi Nhu, Van Tuan, Nguyen, Tuan, Le Quoc, Bac, Nguyen Duy, Luc, Nguyen Khac, Anh, Le Tran, Trung, Do Minh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8176683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082699
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06192-7
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author Anh, Do Ngoc
Hung, Dao Nguyen
Tien, Tran Viet
Dinh, Vu Nhat
Son, Vu Tung
Luong, Nguyen Viet
Van, Nguyen Thi
Quynh, Nguyen Thi Nhu
Van Tuan, Nguyen
Tuan, Le Quoc
Bac, Nguyen Duy
Luc, Nguyen Khac
Anh, Le Tran
Trung, Do Minh
author_facet Anh, Do Ngoc
Hung, Dao Nguyen
Tien, Tran Viet
Dinh, Vu Nhat
Son, Vu Tung
Luong, Nguyen Viet
Van, Nguyen Thi
Quynh, Nguyen Thi Nhu
Van Tuan, Nguyen
Tuan, Le Quoc
Bac, Nguyen Duy
Luc, Nguyen Khac
Anh, Le Tran
Trung, Do Minh
author_sort Anh, Do Ngoc
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Vaginal candidiasis is frequent in women of reproductive age. Accurate identification Candida provides helpful information for successful therapy and epidemiology study; however, there are very limited data from the Vietnam have been reported. This study was performed to determine the prevalence, species distribution of yeast causing vaginal discharge and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida albicans among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age. METHODS: Vaginal discharge samples were collected from 462 women of reproductive age in Hanoi, Vietnam between Sep 2019 and Oct 2020. Vaginal swabs from these patients were examined by direct microscopic examination (10% KOH). CHROMagar™ Candida medium and Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol (0.5 g/l) were used to isolate yeast, and species identification was performed using morphological tests and molecular tools (PCR and sequencing). Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M27-A3 and M27-S4). RESULTS: The prevalence of vaginal yeast colonization in non-pregnant women was 51.3% of 462 participants. Nine different yeast species were identified. Among these isolates, C. albicans (51.37%) was the most frequent, followed by C. parapsilosis (25.88%), C. glabrata (11.37%), C. tropicalis (4.31%), C. krusei (3.92%), C. africana (1.57%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.78%), C. nivariensis (1 isolates, 0.39%), and C. lusitaniae (1 isolates, 0.39%), respectively. Among C. albicans, all 46 isolates were 100% susceptible to micafungin, caspofungin, and miconazole. The susceptibility rates to amphotericine B, 5-flucytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole were 95.65, 91.30, 91.30, 82.61 and 86.95%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of VVC among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Vietnam was higher than many parts of the world. The high frequency of non-albicans Candida species, which were often more resistant to antifungal agents, was a notable feature. Resistance rates of vaginal C. albicans isolates to antifungal agents was low. Our findings suggest that continued surveillance of changes in species distribution and susceptibility to antifungals should be routinely screened and treated. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06192-7.
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spelling pubmed-81766832021-06-04 Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam Anh, Do Ngoc Hung, Dao Nguyen Tien, Tran Viet Dinh, Vu Nhat Son, Vu Tung Luong, Nguyen Viet Van, Nguyen Thi Quynh, Nguyen Thi Nhu Van Tuan, Nguyen Tuan, Le Quoc Bac, Nguyen Duy Luc, Nguyen Khac Anh, Le Tran Trung, Do Minh BMC Infect Dis Research BACKGROUND: Vaginal candidiasis is frequent in women of reproductive age. Accurate identification Candida provides helpful information for successful therapy and epidemiology study; however, there are very limited data from the Vietnam have been reported. This study was performed to determine the prevalence, species distribution of yeast causing vaginal discharge and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida albicans among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age. METHODS: Vaginal discharge samples were collected from 462 women of reproductive age in Hanoi, Vietnam between Sep 2019 and Oct 2020. Vaginal swabs from these patients were examined by direct microscopic examination (10% KOH). CHROMagar™ Candida medium and Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol (0.5 g/l) were used to isolate yeast, and species identification was performed using morphological tests and molecular tools (PCR and sequencing). Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M27-A3 and M27-S4). RESULTS: The prevalence of vaginal yeast colonization in non-pregnant women was 51.3% of 462 participants. Nine different yeast species were identified. Among these isolates, C. albicans (51.37%) was the most frequent, followed by C. parapsilosis (25.88%), C. glabrata (11.37%), C. tropicalis (4.31%), C. krusei (3.92%), C. africana (1.57%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.78%), C. nivariensis (1 isolates, 0.39%), and C. lusitaniae (1 isolates, 0.39%), respectively. Among C. albicans, all 46 isolates were 100% susceptible to micafungin, caspofungin, and miconazole. The susceptibility rates to amphotericine B, 5-flucytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole were 95.65, 91.30, 91.30, 82.61 and 86.95%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of VVC among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Vietnam was higher than many parts of the world. The high frequency of non-albicans Candida species, which were often more resistant to antifungal agents, was a notable feature. Resistance rates of vaginal C. albicans isolates to antifungal agents was low. Our findings suggest that continued surveillance of changes in species distribution and susceptibility to antifungals should be routinely screened and treated. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06192-7. BioMed Central 2021-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8176683/ /pubmed/34082699 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06192-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Anh, Do Ngoc
Hung, Dao Nguyen
Tien, Tran Viet
Dinh, Vu Nhat
Son, Vu Tung
Luong, Nguyen Viet
Van, Nguyen Thi
Quynh, Nguyen Thi Nhu
Van Tuan, Nguyen
Tuan, Le Quoc
Bac, Nguyen Duy
Luc, Nguyen Khac
Anh, Le Tran
Trung, Do Minh
Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title_full Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title_fullStr Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title_short Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, Vietnam
title_sort prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candida albicans causing vaginal discharge among symptomatic non-pregnant women of reproductive age at a tertiary care hospital, vietnam
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8176683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082699
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06192-7
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