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Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used to measure biodiversity of marine ecosystems, yet key aspects of the temporal dynamics of eDNA remain unknown. Of particular interest is in situ persistence of eDNA signals in dynamic marine environments, as eDNA degradation rates have predominantly been...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ely, Taylor, Barber, Paul H., Man, Lauren, Gold, Zachary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8177635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34086697
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245314
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author Ely, Taylor
Barber, Paul H.
Man, Lauren
Gold, Zachary
author_facet Ely, Taylor
Barber, Paul H.
Man, Lauren
Gold, Zachary
author_sort Ely, Taylor
collection PubMed
description Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used to measure biodiversity of marine ecosystems, yet key aspects of the temporal dynamics of eDNA remain unknown. Of particular interest is in situ persistence of eDNA signals in dynamic marine environments, as eDNA degradation rates have predominantly been quantified through mesocosm studies. To determine in situ eDNA residence times, we introduced an eDNA signal from a non-native fish into a protected bay of a Southern California rocky reef ecosystem, and then measured changes in both introduced and background eDNA signals across a fixed transect over 96 hours. Foreign eDNA signal was no longer detected only 7.5 hours after introduction, a time substantially shorter than the multi-day persistence times in laboratory studies. Moreover, the foreign eDNA signal spread along the entire 38 m transect within 1.5 hours after introduction, indicating that transport and diffusion play a role in eDNA detectability even in protected low energy marine environments. Similarly, native vertebrate eDNA signals varied greatly over the 96 hours of observation as well as within two additional nearby fixed transects sampled over 120 hours. While community structure did significantly change across time of day and tidal direction, neither accounted for the majority of observed variation. Combined, results show that both foreign and native eDNA signatures can exhibit substantial temporal heterogeneity, even on hourly time scales. Further work exploring eDNA decay from lagrangian perspective and quantifying effects of sample and technical replication are needed to better understand temporal variation of eDNA signatures in nearshore marine environments.
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spelling pubmed-81776352021-06-07 Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment Ely, Taylor Barber, Paul H. Man, Lauren Gold, Zachary PLoS One Research Article Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used to measure biodiversity of marine ecosystems, yet key aspects of the temporal dynamics of eDNA remain unknown. Of particular interest is in situ persistence of eDNA signals in dynamic marine environments, as eDNA degradation rates have predominantly been quantified through mesocosm studies. To determine in situ eDNA residence times, we introduced an eDNA signal from a non-native fish into a protected bay of a Southern California rocky reef ecosystem, and then measured changes in both introduced and background eDNA signals across a fixed transect over 96 hours. Foreign eDNA signal was no longer detected only 7.5 hours after introduction, a time substantially shorter than the multi-day persistence times in laboratory studies. Moreover, the foreign eDNA signal spread along the entire 38 m transect within 1.5 hours after introduction, indicating that transport and diffusion play a role in eDNA detectability even in protected low energy marine environments. Similarly, native vertebrate eDNA signals varied greatly over the 96 hours of observation as well as within two additional nearby fixed transects sampled over 120 hours. While community structure did significantly change across time of day and tidal direction, neither accounted for the majority of observed variation. Combined, results show that both foreign and native eDNA signatures can exhibit substantial temporal heterogeneity, even on hourly time scales. Further work exploring eDNA decay from lagrangian perspective and quantifying effects of sample and technical replication are needed to better understand temporal variation of eDNA signatures in nearshore marine environments. Public Library of Science 2021-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8177635/ /pubmed/34086697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245314 Text en © 2021 Ely et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ely, Taylor
Barber, Paul H.
Man, Lauren
Gold, Zachary
Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title_full Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title_fullStr Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title_full_unstemmed Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title_short Short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate eDNA signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
title_sort short-lived detection of an introduced vertebrate edna signal in a nearshore rocky reef environment
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8177635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34086697
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245314
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