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Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study

The COVID-19 pandemic is a health issue leading older adults to an increased vulnerability to unfavorable outcomes. Indeed, the presence of physical frailty has recently led to higher mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, no longitudinal studies have investigated the role of neuropsychoger...

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Autores principales: Amanzio, Martina, Canessa, Nicola, Bartoli, Massimo, Cipriani, Giuseppina Elena, Palermo, Sara, Cappa, Stefano F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8180921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34108923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685180
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author Amanzio, Martina
Canessa, Nicola
Bartoli, Massimo
Cipriani, Giuseppina Elena
Palermo, Sara
Cappa, Stefano F.
author_facet Amanzio, Martina
Canessa, Nicola
Bartoli, Massimo
Cipriani, Giuseppina Elena
Palermo, Sara
Cappa, Stefano F.
author_sort Amanzio, Martina
collection PubMed
description The COVID-19 pandemic is a health issue leading older adults to an increased vulnerability to unfavorable outcomes. Indeed, the presence of physical frailty has recently led to higher mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, no longitudinal studies have investigated the role of neuropsychogeriatric factors associated with lockdown fatigue in healthy cognitive aging. Eighty-one healthy older adults were evaluated for their neuropsychological characteristics, including physical frailty, before the pandemic (T0). Subsequently, 50 of them agreed to be interviewed and neuropsychologically re-assessed during the lockdown (T1) and immediately after it (T2). Moreover, during another home confinement, they performed a psychological screening (T3) to evaluate possible mood changes and fatigue. According to Fried's frailty criteria, at T0, 63% of the sample was robust, 34.5% pre-frail, and only 2.5% frail. Significantly, these subjects presented a decrease in handgrip strength and walking speed (29.6 and 6.1%, respectively). Results from Principal Component Analyses and multiple regression models highlighted the contribution of “cognitive” and “psychological” factors (i.e., attentive-executive performance and mood deflections) in explaining handgrip strength and gait speed. At T3, lockdown fatigue was explained by higher scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and lower scores on the Trail Making Test part A. Results from a moderated-mediation model showed that the effect of psychomotor speed on lockdown fatigue was mediated by depression, with a moderating effect of gait speed. Our findings highlight the complex interrelationship between cognitive, psychological, and physical factors in the emergence of pandemic fatigue in a carefully selected older population.
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spelling pubmed-81809212021-06-08 Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study Amanzio, Martina Canessa, Nicola Bartoli, Massimo Cipriani, Giuseppina Elena Palermo, Sara Cappa, Stefano F. Front Psychol Psychology The COVID-19 pandemic is a health issue leading older adults to an increased vulnerability to unfavorable outcomes. Indeed, the presence of physical frailty has recently led to higher mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, no longitudinal studies have investigated the role of neuropsychogeriatric factors associated with lockdown fatigue in healthy cognitive aging. Eighty-one healthy older adults were evaluated for their neuropsychological characteristics, including physical frailty, before the pandemic (T0). Subsequently, 50 of them agreed to be interviewed and neuropsychologically re-assessed during the lockdown (T1) and immediately after it (T2). Moreover, during another home confinement, they performed a psychological screening (T3) to evaluate possible mood changes and fatigue. According to Fried's frailty criteria, at T0, 63% of the sample was robust, 34.5% pre-frail, and only 2.5% frail. Significantly, these subjects presented a decrease in handgrip strength and walking speed (29.6 and 6.1%, respectively). Results from Principal Component Analyses and multiple regression models highlighted the contribution of “cognitive” and “psychological” factors (i.e., attentive-executive performance and mood deflections) in explaining handgrip strength and gait speed. At T3, lockdown fatigue was explained by higher scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and lower scores on the Trail Making Test part A. Results from a moderated-mediation model showed that the effect of psychomotor speed on lockdown fatigue was mediated by depression, with a moderating effect of gait speed. Our findings highlight the complex interrelationship between cognitive, psychological, and physical factors in the emergence of pandemic fatigue in a carefully selected older population. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8180921/ /pubmed/34108923 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685180 Text en Copyright © 2021 Amanzio, Canessa, Bartoli, Cipriani, Palermo and Cappa. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Amanzio, Martina
Canessa, Nicola
Bartoli, Massimo
Cipriani, Giuseppina Elena
Palermo, Sara
Cappa, Stefano F.
Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title_full Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title_fullStr Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title_short Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
title_sort lockdown effects on healthy cognitive aging during the covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8180921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34108923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685180
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