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Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits

Poor context integration, the process of incorporating both previous and current information in decision making, is a cognitive symptom of schizophrenia. The maintenance of the contextual information has been shown to be sensitive to changes in excitation-inhibition (EI) balance. Many regions of the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Calvin, Olivia L., Redish, A. David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8184155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34033641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008985
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author Calvin, Olivia L.
Redish, A. David
author_facet Calvin, Olivia L.
Redish, A. David
author_sort Calvin, Olivia L.
collection PubMed
description Poor context integration, the process of incorporating both previous and current information in decision making, is a cognitive symptom of schizophrenia. The maintenance of the contextual information has been shown to be sensitive to changes in excitation-inhibition (EI) balance. Many regions of the brain are sensitive to EI imbalances, however, so it is unknown how systemic manipulations affect the specific regions that are important to context integration. We constructed a multi-structure, biophysically-realistic agent that could perform context-integration as is assessed by the dot pattern expectancy task. The agent included a perceptual network, a memory network, and a decision making system and was capable of successfully performing the dot pattern expectancy task. Systemic manipulation of the agent’s EI balance produced localized dysfunction of the memory structure, which resulted in schizophrenia-like deficits at context integration. When the agent’s pyramidal cells were less excitatory, the agent fixated upon the cue and initiated responding later than the default agent, which were like the deficits one would predict that individuals on the autistic spectrum would make. This modelling suggests that it may be possible to parse between different types of context integration deficits by adding distractors to context integration tasks and by closely examining a participant’s reaction times.
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spelling pubmed-81841552021-06-21 Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits Calvin, Olivia L. Redish, A. David PLoS Comput Biol Research Article Poor context integration, the process of incorporating both previous and current information in decision making, is a cognitive symptom of schizophrenia. The maintenance of the contextual information has been shown to be sensitive to changes in excitation-inhibition (EI) balance. Many regions of the brain are sensitive to EI imbalances, however, so it is unknown how systemic manipulations affect the specific regions that are important to context integration. We constructed a multi-structure, biophysically-realistic agent that could perform context-integration as is assessed by the dot pattern expectancy task. The agent included a perceptual network, a memory network, and a decision making system and was capable of successfully performing the dot pattern expectancy task. Systemic manipulation of the agent’s EI balance produced localized dysfunction of the memory structure, which resulted in schizophrenia-like deficits at context integration. When the agent’s pyramidal cells were less excitatory, the agent fixated upon the cue and initiated responding later than the default agent, which were like the deficits one would predict that individuals on the autistic spectrum would make. This modelling suggests that it may be possible to parse between different types of context integration deficits by adding distractors to context integration tasks and by closely examining a participant’s reaction times. Public Library of Science 2021-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8184155/ /pubmed/34033641 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008985 Text en © 2021 Calvin, Redish https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Calvin, Olivia L.
Redish, A. David
Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title_full Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title_fullStr Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title_full_unstemmed Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title_short Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
title_sort global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8184155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34033641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008985
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