m(6)A Modification in Mammalian Nervous System Development, Functions, Disorders, and Injuries

N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) modification, as the most prevalent internal modification on mRNA, has been implicated in many biological processes through regulating mRNA metabolism. Given that m(6)A modification is highly enriched in the mammalian brain, this dynamic modification provides a crucial new layer of epitranscriptomic regulation of the nervous system. Here, in this review, we summarize the recent progress on studies of m(6)A modification in the mammalian nervous system ranging from neuronal development to basic and advanced brain functions. We also highlight the detailed underlying mechanisms in each process mediated by m(6)A writers, erasers, and readers. Besides, the involvement of dysregulated m(6)A modification in neurological disorders and injuries is discussed as well.