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Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia

General anesthesia is a drug-induced reversible state comprised of altered states of consciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and immobility. The medial frontal cortex (mPFC) has been discovered to modulate the level of consciousness through cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways. The optogenetic tools co...

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Autores principales: Wang, Lieju, Zhang, Weijie, Wu, Ying, Gao, Yibo, Sun, Na, Ding, Hao, Ren, Jinxuan, Yu, Lina, Wang, Liangliang, Yang, Fen, Xi, Wang, Yan, Min
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8187623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34121993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.664410
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author Wang, Lieju
Zhang, Weijie
Wu, Ying
Gao, Yibo
Sun, Na
Ding, Hao
Ren, Jinxuan
Yu, Lina
Wang, Liangliang
Yang, Fen
Xi, Wang
Yan, Min
author_facet Wang, Lieju
Zhang, Weijie
Wu, Ying
Gao, Yibo
Sun, Na
Ding, Hao
Ren, Jinxuan
Yu, Lina
Wang, Liangliang
Yang, Fen
Xi, Wang
Yan, Min
author_sort Wang, Lieju
collection PubMed
description General anesthesia is a drug-induced reversible state comprised of altered states of consciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and immobility. The medial frontal cortex (mPFC) has been discovered to modulate the level of consciousness through cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways. The optogenetic tools combined with in vivo electrophysiological recording were used to study the neural oscillatory modulation mechanisms in mPFC underlying the loss of consciousness (LOC) and emergence. We found that optogenetic activation of both cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) reversed the hypnotic effect of propofol and accelerated the emergence from propofol-induced unconsciousness. The cholinergic light-activation during propofol anesthesia increased the power in the β (12–20 Hz) and low γ (20–30 Hz) bands. Conversely, glutamatergic activation increased the power at less specific broad (1–150 Hz) bands. The cholinergic-induced alteration to specific power bands after LOC had opposite effects to that of propofol. These results suggested that the cholinergic system might act on more specific cortical neural circuits related to propofol anesthesia.
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spelling pubmed-81876232021-06-10 Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia Wang, Lieju Zhang, Weijie Wu, Ying Gao, Yibo Sun, Na Ding, Hao Ren, Jinxuan Yu, Lina Wang, Liangliang Yang, Fen Xi, Wang Yan, Min Front Neurosci Neuroscience General anesthesia is a drug-induced reversible state comprised of altered states of consciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and immobility. The medial frontal cortex (mPFC) has been discovered to modulate the level of consciousness through cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways. The optogenetic tools combined with in vivo electrophysiological recording were used to study the neural oscillatory modulation mechanisms in mPFC underlying the loss of consciousness (LOC) and emergence. We found that optogenetic activation of both cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) reversed the hypnotic effect of propofol and accelerated the emergence from propofol-induced unconsciousness. The cholinergic light-activation during propofol anesthesia increased the power in the β (12–20 Hz) and low γ (20–30 Hz) bands. Conversely, glutamatergic activation increased the power at less specific broad (1–150 Hz) bands. The cholinergic-induced alteration to specific power bands after LOC had opposite effects to that of propofol. These results suggested that the cholinergic system might act on more specific cortical neural circuits related to propofol anesthesia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8187623/ /pubmed/34121993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.664410 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wang, Zhang, Wu, Gao, Sun, Ding, Ren, Yu, Wang, Yang, Xi and Yan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Wang, Lieju
Zhang, Weijie
Wu, Ying
Gao, Yibo
Sun, Na
Ding, Hao
Ren, Jinxuan
Yu, Lina
Wang, Liangliang
Yang, Fen
Xi, Wang
Yan, Min
Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title_full Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title_fullStr Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title_full_unstemmed Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title_short Cholinergic-Induced Specific Oscillations in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Reverse Propofol Anesthesia
title_sort cholinergic-induced specific oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex to reverse propofol anesthesia
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8187623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34121993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.664410
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