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Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition
Substantial changes in the composition of the vaginal microbiome occur following the end of pregnancy. To identify potential drivers of microbiome changes in individual women during the pregnancy to postpartum transition, we evaluated vaginal samples from 48 pregnant women during their first and thi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33432532 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00438-6 |
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author | Nunn, Kenetta L. Witkin, Steven S. Schneider, G. Maria Boester, Allison Nasioudis, Dimitrios Minis, Evelyn Gliniewicz, Karol Forney, Larry J. |
author_facet | Nunn, Kenetta L. Witkin, Steven S. Schneider, G. Maria Boester, Allison Nasioudis, Dimitrios Minis, Evelyn Gliniewicz, Karol Forney, Larry J. |
author_sort | Nunn, Kenetta L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Substantial changes in the composition of the vaginal microbiome occur following the end of pregnancy. To identify potential drivers of microbiome changes in individual women during the pregnancy to postpartum transition, we evaluated vaginal samples from 48 pregnant women during their first and third trimesters and postpartum. We determined the species composition of vaginal communities and the vaginal fluid levels of compounds involved in mediating changes in host physiology and the immune system at each time point. We used linear mixed-effects models to characterize associations. Consistent with previous reports, but with a larger sample size, a US population, and variations in the dominant bacteria, the vaginal microbiome was found to be more diverse during the postpartum period. There was a lower abundance of Lactobacillus and significantly higher proportions of Streptococcus anginosus and Prevotella bivia. Moreover, we uniquely demonstrated that postpartum vaginal secretions were also altered postpartum. There were elevated levels of hyaluronan and Hsp70 and decreased levels of the D- and L-lactic acid isomers. We posit that these variations are consequences of alterations in the vagina after delivery that profoundly alter the host environment and, thus, lead to changes in the capability of different bacterial species to survive and proliferate. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43032-020-00438-6. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8189965 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81899652021-06-28 Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition Nunn, Kenetta L. Witkin, Steven S. Schneider, G. Maria Boester, Allison Nasioudis, Dimitrios Minis, Evelyn Gliniewicz, Karol Forney, Larry J. Reprod Sci Pregnancy: Original Article Substantial changes in the composition of the vaginal microbiome occur following the end of pregnancy. To identify potential drivers of microbiome changes in individual women during the pregnancy to postpartum transition, we evaluated vaginal samples from 48 pregnant women during their first and third trimesters and postpartum. We determined the species composition of vaginal communities and the vaginal fluid levels of compounds involved in mediating changes in host physiology and the immune system at each time point. We used linear mixed-effects models to characterize associations. Consistent with previous reports, but with a larger sample size, a US population, and variations in the dominant bacteria, the vaginal microbiome was found to be more diverse during the postpartum period. There was a lower abundance of Lactobacillus and significantly higher proportions of Streptococcus anginosus and Prevotella bivia. Moreover, we uniquely demonstrated that postpartum vaginal secretions were also altered postpartum. There were elevated levels of hyaluronan and Hsp70 and decreased levels of the D- and L-lactic acid isomers. We posit that these variations are consequences of alterations in the vagina after delivery that profoundly alter the host environment and, thus, lead to changes in the capability of different bacterial species to survive and proliferate. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43032-020-00438-6. Springer International Publishing 2021-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8189965/ /pubmed/33432532 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00438-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Pregnancy: Original Article Nunn, Kenetta L. Witkin, Steven S. Schneider, G. Maria Boester, Allison Nasioudis, Dimitrios Minis, Evelyn Gliniewicz, Karol Forney, Larry J. Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title | Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title_full | Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title_fullStr | Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title_full_unstemmed | Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title_short | Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Pregnancy to Postpartum Transition |
title_sort | changes in the vaginal microbiome during the pregnancy to postpartum transition |
topic | Pregnancy: Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33432532 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00438-6 |
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