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Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and its inflammatory microenvironment ultimately led to discogenic pain, which is thought to originate in the nucleus pulposus (NP). In this study, key genes involved in NP tissue immune infiltration in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were identified by bioinforma...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8190407/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34122424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666355 |
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author | Wang, Linbang He, Tao Liu, Jingkun Tai, Jiaojiao Wang, Bing Zhang, Lanyue Quan, Zhengxue |
author_facet | Wang, Linbang He, Tao Liu, Jingkun Tai, Jiaojiao Wang, Bing Zhang, Lanyue Quan, Zhengxue |
author_sort | Wang, Linbang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and its inflammatory microenvironment ultimately led to discogenic pain, which is thought to originate in the nucleus pulposus (NP). In this study, key genes involved in NP tissue immune infiltration in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were identified by bioinformatic analysis. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration into NP tissue between the LDH and control groups. Hub genes were identified by the WGCNA R package in Bioconductor and single-cell sequencing data was analyzed using R packages. Gene expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The immune infiltration profiles varied significantly between the LDH and control groups. Compared with control tissue, LDH tissue contained a higher proportion of regulatory T cells and macrophages, which are associated with the macrophage polarization process. The most significant module contained three hub genes and four subclusters of NP cells. Functional analysis of these genes was performed, the hub gene expression pattern was confirmed by PCR, and clinical features of the patients were investigated. Finally, we identified TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways as crucial in this process and these pathways may provide diagnostic markers for LDH. We hypothesize that the hub genes expressed in the specific NP subclusters, along with the infiltrating macrophages play important roles in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration and ultimately, disc herniation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8190407 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81904072021-06-11 Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation Wang, Linbang He, Tao Liu, Jingkun Tai, Jiaojiao Wang, Bing Zhang, Lanyue Quan, Zhengxue Front Immunol Immunology Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and its inflammatory microenvironment ultimately led to discogenic pain, which is thought to originate in the nucleus pulposus (NP). In this study, key genes involved in NP tissue immune infiltration in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were identified by bioinformatic analysis. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration into NP tissue between the LDH and control groups. Hub genes were identified by the WGCNA R package in Bioconductor and single-cell sequencing data was analyzed using R packages. Gene expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The immune infiltration profiles varied significantly between the LDH and control groups. Compared with control tissue, LDH tissue contained a higher proportion of regulatory T cells and macrophages, which are associated with the macrophage polarization process. The most significant module contained three hub genes and four subclusters of NP cells. Functional analysis of these genes was performed, the hub gene expression pattern was confirmed by PCR, and clinical features of the patients were investigated. Finally, we identified TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways as crucial in this process and these pathways may provide diagnostic markers for LDH. We hypothesize that the hub genes expressed in the specific NP subclusters, along with the infiltrating macrophages play important roles in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration and ultimately, disc herniation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8190407/ /pubmed/34122424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666355 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wang, He, Liu, Tai, Wang, Zhang and Quan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Wang, Linbang He, Tao Liu, Jingkun Tai, Jiaojiao Wang, Bing Zhang, Lanyue Quan, Zhengxue Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title | Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title_full | Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title_fullStr | Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title_full_unstemmed | Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title_short | Revealing the Immune Infiltration Landscape and Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Lumbar Disc Herniation |
title_sort | revealing the immune infiltration landscape and identifying diagnostic biomarkers for lumbar disc herniation |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8190407/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34122424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666355 |
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