Histopathological Account of Obstetrical and Gynecological Specimens: Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center of Peshawar

Introduction Histopathologic specimen examination of surgically isolated organs and tissues yields valuable information regarding a disease process and plays a vital role in the future management of a patient. Our aim was to account for the common diagnosis yielded from histopathological specimens of the obstetrics and gynecology department and to determine if all the obstetric and gynecological specimens should be routinely sent for histopathology. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the histopathology unit of a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar. Data were acquired for all gynecological and obstetric specimens sent for histopathology for analysis to the histopathology unit during August 2018 and July 2019. Any sample that was not sent via surgical excision was excluded from the study. Results A total of 922 samples were sent for histopathological analysis in the tertiary care hospital. The mean age of patients who had their specimens sent for pathology was 40.78 ± 10.81 years. Most of the samples sent were of the uterus (458) and the age 31-50 years (270) had the highest proportion of histopathological specimens. Normal ovaries (64.4%) and fallopian tubes (78.8%) were the main diagnoses for these two specimens while a normal cervix (0.58%) was the least common diagnosis among samples sent for histopathology. Chronic cervicitis (92.4%) in cervix and secretory phase endometrium (30.1%) in the uterus were the other common diagnosis. All the other samples were infrequently sent. Conclusion Uterine specimens are the most common histopathological specimen sent followed by cervix and then fallopian tube. Fallopian tube and ovaries yielded the highest normal diagnosis. Cervix specimens must be biopsied. More data is needed for a certain consensus on the need for routine histopathology.