Control of modifiable risk factors and major adverse cardiovascular events in people with peripheral artery disease and diabetes

BACKGROUND: People with diabetes and peripheral artery disease (PAD) have a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Prior research suggests that medical therapies aimed to control modifiable risk factors are poorly implemented in patients with PAD. AIM: To examine the association be...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Golledge, Jonathan, Drovandi, Aaron, Rowbotham, Sophie, Velu, Ramesh, Quigley, Frank, Jenkins, Jason
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021
Materias:
Observational Study
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8192253/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34168735
http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v12.i6.883
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: People with diabetes and peripheral artery disease (PAD) have a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Prior research suggests that medical therapies aimed to control modifiable risk factors are poorly implemented in patients with PAD. AIM: To examine the association between the control of modifiable risk factors, estimated by the novel PAD-medical score, and the incidence of MACE in people with PAD and diabetes. METHODS: Participants were recruited from out-patient clinics if they had a diagnosis of both PAD and diabetes. Control of reversible risk factors was assessed by a new composite measure, the PAD-medical score. This score takes into account the control of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, blood glucose, smoking and prescription of an anti-platelet. Participants were followed to record incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death (MACE). The association of PAD-medical score with MACE was assessed using Cox proportional hazard analyses adjusting for age, sex and prior history of ischemic heart disease and stroke. RESULTS: Between 2002 and 2020, a total of 424 participants with carotid artery disease (n = 63), aortic or peripheral aneurysm (n = 121) or lower limb ischemia (n = 240) were prospectively recruited, and followed for a median duration (inter-quartile range) of 2.0 (0.2–4.4) years. Only 33 (7.8%) participants had the optimal PAD-medical score of five, with 318 (75%) scoring at least three out of five. There were 89 (21.0%) participants that had at least one MACE during the follow-up period. A one-unit higher PAD-medical score was associated with lower risk of MACE (HR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.63-0.98) after adjusting for other risk factors. CONCLUSION: The PAD-medical score provides a simple way to assess the control of modifiable risk factors targeted by medical management aimed to reduce the incidence of MACE.

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