_version_ 1783706523285848064
author Mir, Daiana
Rego, Natalia
Resende, Paola Cristina
Tort, Fernando
Fernández-Calero, Tamara
Noya, Verónica
Brandes, Mariana
Possi, Tania
Arleo, Mailen
Reyes, Natalia
Victoria, Matías
Lizasoain, Andres
Castells, Matías
Maya, Leticia
Salvo, Matías
Schäffer Gregianini, Tatiana
Mar da Rosa, Marilda Tereza
Garay Martins, Letícia
Alonso, Cecilia
Vega, Yasser
Salazar, Cecilia
Ferrés, Ignacio
Smircich, Pablo
Sotelo Silveira, Jose
Fort, Rafael Sebastián
Mathó, Cecilia
Arantes, Ighor
Appolinario, Luciana
Mendonça, Ana Carolina
Benítez-Galeano, María José
Simoes, Camila
Graña, Martín
Motta, Fernando
Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça
Bello, Gonzalo
Colina, Rodney
Spangenberg, Lucía
author_facet Mir, Daiana
Rego, Natalia
Resende, Paola Cristina
Tort, Fernando
Fernández-Calero, Tamara
Noya, Verónica
Brandes, Mariana
Possi, Tania
Arleo, Mailen
Reyes, Natalia
Victoria, Matías
Lizasoain, Andres
Castells, Matías
Maya, Leticia
Salvo, Matías
Schäffer Gregianini, Tatiana
Mar da Rosa, Marilda Tereza
Garay Martins, Letícia
Alonso, Cecilia
Vega, Yasser
Salazar, Cecilia
Ferrés, Ignacio
Smircich, Pablo
Sotelo Silveira, Jose
Fort, Rafael Sebastián
Mathó, Cecilia
Arantes, Ighor
Appolinario, Luciana
Mendonça, Ana Carolina
Benítez-Galeano, María José
Simoes, Camila
Graña, Martín
Motta, Fernando
Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça
Bello, Gonzalo
Colina, Rodney
Spangenberg, Lucía
author_sort Mir, Daiana
collection PubMed
description Uruguay is one of the few countries in the Americas that successfully contained the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemic during the first half of 2020. Nevertheless, the intensive human mobility across the dry border with Brazil is a major challenge for public health authorities. We aimed to investigate the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains detected in Uruguayan localities bordering Brazil as well as to measure the viral flux across this ∼1,100 km uninterrupted dry frontier. Using complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the Uruguayan–Brazilian bordering region and phylogeographic analyses, we inferred the virus dissemination frequency between Brazil and Uruguay and characterized local outbreak dynamics during the first months (May–July) of the pandemic. Phylogenetic analyses revealed multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 Brazilian lineages B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 into Uruguayan localities at the bordering region. The most probable sources of viral strains introduced to Uruguay were the Southeast Brazilian region and the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Some of the viral strains introduced in Uruguayan border localities between early May and mid-July were able to locally spread and originated the first outbreaks detected outside the metropolitan region. The viral lineages responsible for Uruguayan urban outbreaks were defined by a set of between four and 11 mutations (synonymous and non-synonymous) with respect to the ancestral B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 viruses that arose in Brazil, supporting the notion of a rapid genetic differentiation between SARS-CoV-2 subpopulations spreading in South America. Although Uruguayan borders have remained essentially closed to non-Uruguayan citizens, the inevitable flow of people across the dry border with Brazil allowed the repeated entry of the virus into Uruguay and the subsequent emergence of local outbreaks in Uruguayan border localities. Implementation of coordinated bi-national surveillance systems is crucial to achieve an efficient control of the SARS-CoV-2 spread across this kind of highly permeable borderland regions around the world.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8195593
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81955932021-06-12 Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border Mir, Daiana Rego, Natalia Resende, Paola Cristina Tort, Fernando Fernández-Calero, Tamara Noya, Verónica Brandes, Mariana Possi, Tania Arleo, Mailen Reyes, Natalia Victoria, Matías Lizasoain, Andres Castells, Matías Maya, Leticia Salvo, Matías Schäffer Gregianini, Tatiana Mar da Rosa, Marilda Tereza Garay Martins, Letícia Alonso, Cecilia Vega, Yasser Salazar, Cecilia Ferrés, Ignacio Smircich, Pablo Sotelo Silveira, Jose Fort, Rafael Sebastián Mathó, Cecilia Arantes, Ighor Appolinario, Luciana Mendonça, Ana Carolina Benítez-Galeano, María José Simoes, Camila Graña, Martín Motta, Fernando Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça Bello, Gonzalo Colina, Rodney Spangenberg, Lucía Front Microbiol Microbiology Uruguay is one of the few countries in the Americas that successfully contained the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemic during the first half of 2020. Nevertheless, the intensive human mobility across the dry border with Brazil is a major challenge for public health authorities. We aimed to investigate the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains detected in Uruguayan localities bordering Brazil as well as to measure the viral flux across this ∼1,100 km uninterrupted dry frontier. Using complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the Uruguayan–Brazilian bordering region and phylogeographic analyses, we inferred the virus dissemination frequency between Brazil and Uruguay and characterized local outbreak dynamics during the first months (May–July) of the pandemic. Phylogenetic analyses revealed multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 Brazilian lineages B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 into Uruguayan localities at the bordering region. The most probable sources of viral strains introduced to Uruguay were the Southeast Brazilian region and the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Some of the viral strains introduced in Uruguayan border localities between early May and mid-July were able to locally spread and originated the first outbreaks detected outside the metropolitan region. The viral lineages responsible for Uruguayan urban outbreaks were defined by a set of between four and 11 mutations (synonymous and non-synonymous) with respect to the ancestral B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 viruses that arose in Brazil, supporting the notion of a rapid genetic differentiation between SARS-CoV-2 subpopulations spreading in South America. Although Uruguayan borders have remained essentially closed to non-Uruguayan citizens, the inevitable flow of people across the dry border with Brazil allowed the repeated entry of the virus into Uruguay and the subsequent emergence of local outbreaks in Uruguayan border localities. Implementation of coordinated bi-national surveillance systems is crucial to achieve an efficient control of the SARS-CoV-2 spread across this kind of highly permeable borderland regions around the world. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8195593/ /pubmed/34122369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.653986 Text en Copyright © 2021 Mir, Rego, Resende, Tort, Fernández-Calero, Noya, Brandes, Possi, Arleo, Reyes, Victoria, Lizasoain, Castells, Maya, Salvo, Schäffer Gregianini, Mar da Rosa, Garay Martins, Alonso, Vega, Salazar, Ferrés, Smircich, Sotelo Silveira, Fort, Mathó, Arantes, Appolinario, Mendonça, Benítez-Galeano, Simoes, Graña, Motta, Siqueira, Bello, Colina and Spangenberg. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Mir, Daiana
Rego, Natalia
Resende, Paola Cristina
Tort, Fernando
Fernández-Calero, Tamara
Noya, Verónica
Brandes, Mariana
Possi, Tania
Arleo, Mailen
Reyes, Natalia
Victoria, Matías
Lizasoain, Andres
Castells, Matías
Maya, Leticia
Salvo, Matías
Schäffer Gregianini, Tatiana
Mar da Rosa, Marilda Tereza
Garay Martins, Letícia
Alonso, Cecilia
Vega, Yasser
Salazar, Cecilia
Ferrés, Ignacio
Smircich, Pablo
Sotelo Silveira, Jose
Fort, Rafael Sebastián
Mathó, Cecilia
Arantes, Ighor
Appolinario, Luciana
Mendonça, Ana Carolina
Benítez-Galeano, María José
Simoes, Camila
Graña, Martín
Motta, Fernando
Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça
Bello, Gonzalo
Colina, Rodney
Spangenberg, Lucía
Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title_full Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title_fullStr Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title_full_unstemmed Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title_short Recurrent Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Uruguayan–Brazilian Border
title_sort recurrent dissemination of sars-cov-2 through the uruguayan–brazilian border
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34122369
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.653986
work_keys_str_mv AT mirdaiana recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT regonatalia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT resendepaolacristina recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT tortfernando recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT fernandezcalerotamara recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT noyaveronica recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT brandesmariana recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT possitania recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT arleomailen recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT reyesnatalia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT victoriamatias recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT lizasoainandres recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT castellsmatias recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT mayaleticia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT salvomatias recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT schaffergregianinitatiana recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT mardarosamarildatereza recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT garaymartinsleticia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT alonsocecilia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT vegayasser recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT salazarcecilia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT ferresignacio recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT smircichpablo recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT sotelosilveirajose recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT fortrafaelsebastian recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT mathocecilia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT arantesighor recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT appolinarioluciana recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT mendoncaanacarolina recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT benitezgaleanomariajose recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT simoescamila recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT granamartin recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT mottafernando recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT siqueiramarildamendonca recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT bellogonzalo recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT colinarodney recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder
AT spangenberglucia recurrentdisseminationofsarscov2throughtheuruguayanbrazilianborder