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Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids

In view of the rising relevance of emerging pollutants in the environment, this work studies the photodegradation of three antibiotics, evaluating the effects of the pH of the medium and the concentration of dissolved organic matter. Simulated light (with a spectrum similar to that of natural sunlig...

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Autores principales: Rodríguez-López, Lucía, Cela-Dablanca, Raquel, Núñez-Delgado, Avelino, Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza, Fernández-Calviño, David, Arias-Estévez, Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196772/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064068
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113080
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author Rodríguez-López, Lucía
Cela-Dablanca, Raquel
Núñez-Delgado, Avelino
Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza
Fernández-Calviño, David
Arias-Estévez, Manuel
author_facet Rodríguez-López, Lucía
Cela-Dablanca, Raquel
Núñez-Delgado, Avelino
Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza
Fernández-Calviño, David
Arias-Estévez, Manuel
author_sort Rodríguez-López, Lucía
collection PubMed
description In view of the rising relevance of emerging pollutants in the environment, this work studies the photodegradation of three antibiotics, evaluating the effects of the pH of the medium and the concentration of dissolved organic matter. Simulated light (with a spectrum similar to that of natural sunlight) was applied to the antibiotics Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Clarithromycin (Cla) and Trimethoprim (Tri), at three different pH, and in the presence of different concentrations of humic acids. The sensitivity to light followed the sequence: Cip > Cla > Tri, which was inverse for the half-life (Tri > Cla > Cip). As the pH increased, the half-life generally decreased, except for Cla. Regarding the kinetic constant k, in the case of Cip and Tri it increased with the rise of pH, while decreased for Cla. The results corresponding to total organic carbon (TOC) indicate that the complete mineralization of the antibiotics was not achieved. The effect of humic acids was not marked, slightly increasing the degradation of Cip, and slightly decreasing it for Tri, while no effect was detected for Cla. These results may be relevant in terms of understanding the evolution of these antibiotics, especially when they reach different environmental compartments and receive sunlight radiation.
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spelling pubmed-81967722021-06-13 Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids Rodríguez-López, Lucía Cela-Dablanca, Raquel Núñez-Delgado, Avelino Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza Fernández-Calviño, David Arias-Estévez, Manuel Molecules Article In view of the rising relevance of emerging pollutants in the environment, this work studies the photodegradation of three antibiotics, evaluating the effects of the pH of the medium and the concentration of dissolved organic matter. Simulated light (with a spectrum similar to that of natural sunlight) was applied to the antibiotics Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Clarithromycin (Cla) and Trimethoprim (Tri), at three different pH, and in the presence of different concentrations of humic acids. The sensitivity to light followed the sequence: Cip > Cla > Tri, which was inverse for the half-life (Tri > Cla > Cip). As the pH increased, the half-life generally decreased, except for Cla. Regarding the kinetic constant k, in the case of Cip and Tri it increased with the rise of pH, while decreased for Cla. The results corresponding to total organic carbon (TOC) indicate that the complete mineralization of the antibiotics was not achieved. The effect of humic acids was not marked, slightly increasing the degradation of Cip, and slightly decreasing it for Tri, while no effect was detected for Cla. These results may be relevant in terms of understanding the evolution of these antibiotics, especially when they reach different environmental compartments and receive sunlight radiation. MDPI 2021-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8196772/ /pubmed/34064068 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113080 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rodríguez-López, Lucía
Cela-Dablanca, Raquel
Núñez-Delgado, Avelino
Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza
Fernández-Calviño, David
Arias-Estévez, Manuel
Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title_full Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title_fullStr Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title_full_unstemmed Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title_short Photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Trimethoprim: Influence of pH and Humic Acids
title_sort photodegradation of ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin and trimethoprim: influence of ph and humic acids
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196772/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064068
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113080
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