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Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-dr...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070958 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562 |
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author | Harada, Yukinori Katsukura, Shinichi Kawamura, Ren Shimizu, Taro |
author_facet | Harada, Yukinori Katsukura, Shinichi Kawamura, Ren Shimizu, Taro |
author_sort | Harada, Yukinori |
collection | PubMed |
description | A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-driven DDSS that generates a differential diagnosis from the information entered by the patient before the clinical encounter on physicians’ differential diagnoses. In this randomized controlled study, an exploratory analysis was performed. Twenty-two physicians were required to generate up to three differential diagnoses per case by reading 16 clinical vignettes. The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group, and a control group, with and without a differential diagnosis list of AI, respectively. The prevalence of physician diagnosis identical with the differential diagnosis of AI (primary outcome) was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (70.2% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.001). The primary outcome was significantly >10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group, except for attending physicians, and physicians who did not trust AI. This study suggests that at least 15% of physicians’ differential diagnoses were affected by the differential diagnosis list in the AI-driven DDSS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8196999 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81969992021-06-13 Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study Harada, Yukinori Katsukura, Shinichi Kawamura, Ren Shimizu, Taro Int J Environ Res Public Health Article A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-driven DDSS that generates a differential diagnosis from the information entered by the patient before the clinical encounter on physicians’ differential diagnoses. In this randomized controlled study, an exploratory analysis was performed. Twenty-two physicians were required to generate up to three differential diagnoses per case by reading 16 clinical vignettes. The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group, and a control group, with and without a differential diagnosis list of AI, respectively. The prevalence of physician diagnosis identical with the differential diagnosis of AI (primary outcome) was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (70.2% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.001). The primary outcome was significantly >10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group, except for attending physicians, and physicians who did not trust AI. This study suggests that at least 15% of physicians’ differential diagnoses were affected by the differential diagnosis list in the AI-driven DDSS. MDPI 2021-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8196999/ /pubmed/34070958 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Harada, Yukinori Katsukura, Shinichi Kawamura, Ren Shimizu, Taro Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title | Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title_full | Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title_fullStr | Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title_short | Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study |
title_sort | effects of a differential diagnosis list of artificial intelligence on differential diagnoses by physicians: an exploratory analysis of data from a randomized controlled study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070958 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562 |
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