Cargando…

Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study

A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-dr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Harada, Yukinori, Katsukura, Shinichi, Kawamura, Ren, Shimizu, Taro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070958
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562
_version_ 1783706817938849792
author Harada, Yukinori
Katsukura, Shinichi
Kawamura, Ren
Shimizu, Taro
author_facet Harada, Yukinori
Katsukura, Shinichi
Kawamura, Ren
Shimizu, Taro
author_sort Harada, Yukinori
collection PubMed
description A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-driven DDSS that generates a differential diagnosis from the information entered by the patient before the clinical encounter on physicians’ differential diagnoses. In this randomized controlled study, an exploratory analysis was performed. Twenty-two physicians were required to generate up to three differential diagnoses per case by reading 16 clinical vignettes. The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group, and a control group, with and without a differential diagnosis list of AI, respectively. The prevalence of physician diagnosis identical with the differential diagnosis of AI (primary outcome) was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (70.2% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.001). The primary outcome was significantly >10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group, except for attending physicians, and physicians who did not trust AI. This study suggests that at least 15% of physicians’ differential diagnoses were affected by the differential diagnosis list in the AI-driven DDSS.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8196999
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81969992021-06-13 Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study Harada, Yukinori Katsukura, Shinichi Kawamura, Ren Shimizu, Taro Int J Environ Res Public Health Article A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in physicians’ differential diagnoses when using AI-driven DDSS that generates a differential diagnosis from the information entered by the patient before the clinical encounter on physicians’ differential diagnoses. In this randomized controlled study, an exploratory analysis was performed. Twenty-two physicians were required to generate up to three differential diagnoses per case by reading 16 clinical vignettes. The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group, and a control group, with and without a differential diagnosis list of AI, respectively. The prevalence of physician diagnosis identical with the differential diagnosis of AI (primary outcome) was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (70.2% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.001). The primary outcome was significantly >10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group, except for attending physicians, and physicians who did not trust AI. This study suggests that at least 15% of physicians’ differential diagnoses were affected by the differential diagnosis list in the AI-driven DDSS. MDPI 2021-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8196999/ /pubmed/34070958 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Harada, Yukinori
Katsukura, Shinichi
Kawamura, Ren
Shimizu, Taro
Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title_full Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title_fullStr Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title_short Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study
title_sort effects of a differential diagnosis list of artificial intelligence on differential diagnoses by physicians: an exploratory analysis of data from a randomized controlled study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070958
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115562
work_keys_str_mv AT haradayukinori effectsofadifferentialdiagnosislistofartificialintelligenceondifferentialdiagnosesbyphysiciansanexploratoryanalysisofdatafromarandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT katsukurashinichi effectsofadifferentialdiagnosislistofartificialintelligenceondifferentialdiagnosesbyphysiciansanexploratoryanalysisofdatafromarandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT kawamuraren effectsofadifferentialdiagnosislistofartificialintelligenceondifferentialdiagnosesbyphysiciansanexploratoryanalysisofdatafromarandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT shimizutaro effectsofadifferentialdiagnosislistofartificialintelligenceondifferentialdiagnosesbyphysiciansanexploratoryanalysisofdatafromarandomizedcontrolledstudy