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Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments

Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are characterized by flexibility and scalability in any environment. These networks are increasingly used in agricultural and industrial environments and have a dual role in data collection from sensors and transmission to a monitoring system, as well as enabling the...

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Autores principales: Prodanović, Radomir, Sarang, Sohail, Rančić, Dejan, Vulić, Ivan, Stojanović, Goran M., Stankovski, Stevan, Ostojić, Gordana, Baranovski, Igor, Maksović, Dušan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197129/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073687
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113636
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author Prodanović, Radomir
Sarang, Sohail
Rančić, Dejan
Vulić, Ivan
Stojanović, Goran M.
Stankovski, Stevan
Ostojić, Gordana
Baranovski, Igor
Maksović, Dušan
author_facet Prodanović, Radomir
Sarang, Sohail
Rančić, Dejan
Vulić, Ivan
Stojanović, Goran M.
Stankovski, Stevan
Ostojić, Gordana
Baranovski, Igor
Maksović, Dušan
author_sort Prodanović, Radomir
collection PubMed
description Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are characterized by flexibility and scalability in any environment. These networks are increasingly used in agricultural and industrial environments and have a dual role in data collection from sensors and transmission to a monitoring system, as well as enabling the management of the monitored environment. Environment management depends on trust in the data collected from the surrounding environment, including the time of data creation. This paper proposes a trust model for monitoring humidity and moisture in agricultural and industrial environments. The proposed model uses a digital signature and public key infrastructure (PKI) to establish trust in the data source, i.e., the trust in the sensor. Trust in data generation is essential for real-time environmental monitoring and subsequent analyzes, thus timestamp technology is implemented here to further ensure that gathered data are not created or changed after the assigned time. Model validation is performed using the Castalia network simulator by testing energy consumption at the receiver and sender nodes and the delay incurred by creating or validating a trust token. In addition, validation is also performed using the Ascertia TSA Crusher application for the time consumed to obtain a timestamp from the free TSA. The results show that by applying different digital signs and timestamps, the trust entity of the WSN improved significantly with an increase in power consumption of the sender node by up to 9.3% and receiver node by up to 126.3% for a higher number of nodes, along with a packet delay of up to 15.6% and an average total time consumed up to 1.186 s to obtain the timestamp from the best chosen TSA, which was as expected.
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spelling pubmed-81971292021-06-13 Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments Prodanović, Radomir Sarang, Sohail Rančić, Dejan Vulić, Ivan Stojanović, Goran M. Stankovski, Stevan Ostojić, Gordana Baranovski, Igor Maksović, Dušan Sensors (Basel) Article Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are characterized by flexibility and scalability in any environment. These networks are increasingly used in agricultural and industrial environments and have a dual role in data collection from sensors and transmission to a monitoring system, as well as enabling the management of the monitored environment. Environment management depends on trust in the data collected from the surrounding environment, including the time of data creation. This paper proposes a trust model for monitoring humidity and moisture in agricultural and industrial environments. The proposed model uses a digital signature and public key infrastructure (PKI) to establish trust in the data source, i.e., the trust in the sensor. Trust in data generation is essential for real-time environmental monitoring and subsequent analyzes, thus timestamp technology is implemented here to further ensure that gathered data are not created or changed after the assigned time. Model validation is performed using the Castalia network simulator by testing energy consumption at the receiver and sender nodes and the delay incurred by creating or validating a trust token. In addition, validation is also performed using the Ascertia TSA Crusher application for the time consumed to obtain a timestamp from the free TSA. The results show that by applying different digital signs and timestamps, the trust entity of the WSN improved significantly with an increase in power consumption of the sender node by up to 9.3% and receiver node by up to 126.3% for a higher number of nodes, along with a packet delay of up to 15.6% and an average total time consumed up to 1.186 s to obtain the timestamp from the best chosen TSA, which was as expected. MDPI 2021-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8197129/ /pubmed/34073687 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113636 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Prodanović, Radomir
Sarang, Sohail
Rančić, Dejan
Vulić, Ivan
Stojanović, Goran M.
Stankovski, Stevan
Ostojić, Gordana
Baranovski, Igor
Maksović, Dušan
Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title_full Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title_fullStr Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title_full_unstemmed Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title_short Trustworthy Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Humidity and Moisture Environments
title_sort trustworthy wireless sensor networks for monitoring humidity and moisture environments
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197129/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073687
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113636
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