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Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity

Jojoba is a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide. Its seeds and oil have a long history of use in folklore to treat various ailments, such as skin and scalp disorders, superficial wounds, sore throat, obesity, and cancer; for improvement of liver functions, enhancement of immunit...

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Autores principales: Gad, Heba A., Roberts, Autumn, Hamzi, Samirah H., Gad, Haidy A., Touiss, Ilham, Altyar, Ahmed E., Kensara, Osama A., Ashour, Mohamed L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197201/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111711
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author Gad, Heba A.
Roberts, Autumn
Hamzi, Samirah H.
Gad, Haidy A.
Touiss, Ilham
Altyar, Ahmed E.
Kensara, Osama A.
Ashour, Mohamed L.
author_facet Gad, Heba A.
Roberts, Autumn
Hamzi, Samirah H.
Gad, Haidy A.
Touiss, Ilham
Altyar, Ahmed E.
Kensara, Osama A.
Ashour, Mohamed L.
author_sort Gad, Heba A.
collection PubMed
description Jojoba is a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide. Its seeds and oil have a long history of use in folklore to treat various ailments, such as skin and scalp disorders, superficial wounds, sore throat, obesity, and cancer; for improvement of liver functions, enhancement of immunity, and promotion of hair growth. Extensive studies on Jojoba oil showed a wide range of pharmacological applications, including antioxidant, anti-acne and antipsoriasis, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-hyperglycemia activities. In addition, Jojoba oil is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetics for topical, transdermal, and parenteral preparations. Jojoba oil also holds value in the industry as an anti-rodent, insecticides, lubricant, surfactant, and a source for the production of bioenergy. Jojoba oil is considered among the top-ranked oils due to its wax, which constitutes about 98% (mainly wax esters, few free fatty acids, alcohols, and hydrocarbons). In addition, sterols and vitamins with few triglyceride esters, flavonoids, phenolic and cyanogenic compounds are also present. The present review represents an updated literature survey about the chemical composition of jojoba oil, its physical properties, pharmacological activities, pharmaceutical and industrial applications, and toxicity.
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spelling pubmed-81972012021-06-13 Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity Gad, Heba A. Roberts, Autumn Hamzi, Samirah H. Gad, Haidy A. Touiss, Ilham Altyar, Ahmed E. Kensara, Osama A. Ashour, Mohamed L. Polymers (Basel) Review Jojoba is a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide. Its seeds and oil have a long history of use in folklore to treat various ailments, such as skin and scalp disorders, superficial wounds, sore throat, obesity, and cancer; for improvement of liver functions, enhancement of immunity, and promotion of hair growth. Extensive studies on Jojoba oil showed a wide range of pharmacological applications, including antioxidant, anti-acne and antipsoriasis, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-hyperglycemia activities. In addition, Jojoba oil is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetics for topical, transdermal, and parenteral preparations. Jojoba oil also holds value in the industry as an anti-rodent, insecticides, lubricant, surfactant, and a source for the production of bioenergy. Jojoba oil is considered among the top-ranked oils due to its wax, which constitutes about 98% (mainly wax esters, few free fatty acids, alcohols, and hydrocarbons). In addition, sterols and vitamins with few triglyceride esters, flavonoids, phenolic and cyanogenic compounds are also present. The present review represents an updated literature survey about the chemical composition of jojoba oil, its physical properties, pharmacological activities, pharmaceutical and industrial applications, and toxicity. MDPI 2021-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8197201/ /pubmed/34073772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111711 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gad, Heba A.
Roberts, Autumn
Hamzi, Samirah H.
Gad, Haidy A.
Touiss, Ilham
Altyar, Ahmed E.
Kensara, Osama A.
Ashour, Mohamed L.
Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title_full Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title_fullStr Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title_full_unstemmed Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title_short Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity
title_sort jojoba oil: an updated comprehensive review on chemistry, pharmaceutical uses, and toxicity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197201/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111711
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