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Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death
The geographical distribution of mortality has frequently been studied. Nevertheless, those studies often consider isolated causes of death. In this work, we aim to study the geographical distribution of mortality in urban areas, in particular, in 26 Spanish cities. We perform an overall study of 16...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115664 |
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author | Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A. Vergara-Hernández, Carlos Botella-Rocamora, Paloma Corpas-Burgos, Francisca Pérez-Panadés, Jordi Zurriaga, Óscar Aldasoro, Elena Borrell, Carme Cabeza, Elena Cirera, Lluís Delfrade Osinaga, Josu Fernández-Somoano, Ana Gandarillas, Ana Lorenzo Ruano, Pedro L. Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc Nolasco, Andreu Prieto-Salceda, M. Dolores Ramis, Rebeca Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo |
author_facet | Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A. Vergara-Hernández, Carlos Botella-Rocamora, Paloma Corpas-Burgos, Francisca Pérez-Panadés, Jordi Zurriaga, Óscar Aldasoro, Elena Borrell, Carme Cabeza, Elena Cirera, Lluís Delfrade Osinaga, Josu Fernández-Somoano, Ana Gandarillas, Ana Lorenzo Ruano, Pedro L. Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc Nolasco, Andreu Prieto-Salceda, M. Dolores Ramis, Rebeca Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo |
author_sort | Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The geographical distribution of mortality has frequently been studied. Nevertheless, those studies often consider isolated causes of death. In this work, we aim to study the geographical distribution of mortality in urban areas, in particular, in 26 Spanish cities. We perform an overall study of 16 causes of death, considering that their geographical patterns could be dependent and estimating the dependence between the causes of death. We study the deaths in these 26 cities during the period 1996–2015 at the census tract level. A multivariate disease mapping model is used in order to solve the potential small area estimation problems that these data could show. We find that most of the geographical patterns found show positive correlations. This suggests the existence of a transversal geographical pattern, common to most causes of deaths, which determines those patterns to a higher/lower extent depending on each disease. The causes of death that exhibit that underlying pattern in a more prominent manner are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and cirrhosis for men and cardiovascular diseases and dementias for women. Such findings are quite consistent for most of the cities in the study. The high positive correlation found between geographical patterns reflects the existence of both high and low-risk areas in urban settings, in general terms for nearly all the causes of death. Moreover, the high-risk areas found often coincide with neighborhoods known for their high deprivation. Our results suggest that dependence among causes of death is a key aspect to be taken into account when mapping mortality, at least in urban contexts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8197960 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81979602021-06-14 Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A. Vergara-Hernández, Carlos Botella-Rocamora, Paloma Corpas-Burgos, Francisca Pérez-Panadés, Jordi Zurriaga, Óscar Aldasoro, Elena Borrell, Carme Cabeza, Elena Cirera, Lluís Delfrade Osinaga, Josu Fernández-Somoano, Ana Gandarillas, Ana Lorenzo Ruano, Pedro L. Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc Nolasco, Andreu Prieto-Salceda, M. Dolores Ramis, Rebeca Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The geographical distribution of mortality has frequently been studied. Nevertheless, those studies often consider isolated causes of death. In this work, we aim to study the geographical distribution of mortality in urban areas, in particular, in 26 Spanish cities. We perform an overall study of 16 causes of death, considering that their geographical patterns could be dependent and estimating the dependence between the causes of death. We study the deaths in these 26 cities during the period 1996–2015 at the census tract level. A multivariate disease mapping model is used in order to solve the potential small area estimation problems that these data could show. We find that most of the geographical patterns found show positive correlations. This suggests the existence of a transversal geographical pattern, common to most causes of deaths, which determines those patterns to a higher/lower extent depending on each disease. The causes of death that exhibit that underlying pattern in a more prominent manner are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and cirrhosis for men and cardiovascular diseases and dementias for women. Such findings are quite consistent for most of the cities in the study. The high positive correlation found between geographical patterns reflects the existence of both high and low-risk areas in urban settings, in general terms for nearly all the causes of death. Moreover, the high-risk areas found often coincide with neighborhoods known for their high deprivation. Our results suggest that dependence among causes of death is a key aspect to be taken into account when mapping mortality, at least in urban contexts. MDPI 2021-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8197960/ /pubmed/34070635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115664 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A. Vergara-Hernández, Carlos Botella-Rocamora, Paloma Corpas-Burgos, Francisca Pérez-Panadés, Jordi Zurriaga, Óscar Aldasoro, Elena Borrell, Carme Cabeza, Elena Cirera, Lluís Delfrade Osinaga, Josu Fernández-Somoano, Ana Gandarillas, Ana Lorenzo Ruano, Pedro L. Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc Nolasco, Andreu Prieto-Salceda, M. Dolores Ramis, Rebeca Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title | Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title_full | Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title_fullStr | Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title_full_unstemmed | Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title_short | Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death |
title_sort | geographical variability in mortality in urban areas: a joint analysis of 16 causes of death |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34070635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115664 |
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