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Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides

Farmers are among the most vulnerable populations because of the exposure to low levels of pesticides. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities are considered as biomarkers of pesticides poisoning. However, biomarkers of oxidative stress are also playing an important role in toxicit...

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Autores principales: Martin-Reina, Jose, Casanova, Alfredo G., Dahiri, Bouchra, Fernández, Isaías, Fernández-Palacín, Ana, Bautista, Juan, Morales, Ana I., Moreno, Isabel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8198255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072924
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115909
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author Martin-Reina, Jose
Casanova, Alfredo G.
Dahiri, Bouchra
Fernández, Isaías
Fernández-Palacín, Ana
Bautista, Juan
Morales, Ana I.
Moreno, Isabel
author_facet Martin-Reina, Jose
Casanova, Alfredo G.
Dahiri, Bouchra
Fernández, Isaías
Fernández-Palacín, Ana
Bautista, Juan
Morales, Ana I.
Moreno, Isabel
author_sort Martin-Reina, Jose
collection PubMed
description Farmers are among the most vulnerable populations because of the exposure to low levels of pesticides. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities are considered as biomarkers of pesticides poisoning. However, biomarkers of oxidative stress are also playing an important role in toxicity of these contaminants. Further, increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea and creatinine have been linked with hepatic and nephrotoxic cell damage, respectively. The aim of this study was to ascertain if the indirect exposure to pesticides leads to some biochemical parameter changes. Thus, cholinesterase activities, oxidative stress status (lipid and protein oxidation), hepatic function (AST and ALT levels), hormonal function (TSH, T4, FSH, LH and AMH), renal function (serum creatinine and urea), as well as possible subclinical kidney damage (urinary proteins and biomarkers of early kidney damage) were evaluated in farmer women who collect fruits and vegetables comparing with a group of women non-occupational exposed to pesticides but living in the same rural environment. Samples were taken periodically along one year to relate the observed effects to a chronic exposure. Our main results showed for the first time a subclinical kidney damage in a rural setting with indirect chronic exposure to pesticides.
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spelling pubmed-81982552021-06-14 Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides Martin-Reina, Jose Casanova, Alfredo G. Dahiri, Bouchra Fernández, Isaías Fernández-Palacín, Ana Bautista, Juan Morales, Ana I. Moreno, Isabel Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Farmers are among the most vulnerable populations because of the exposure to low levels of pesticides. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities are considered as biomarkers of pesticides poisoning. However, biomarkers of oxidative stress are also playing an important role in toxicity of these contaminants. Further, increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea and creatinine have been linked with hepatic and nephrotoxic cell damage, respectively. The aim of this study was to ascertain if the indirect exposure to pesticides leads to some biochemical parameter changes. Thus, cholinesterase activities, oxidative stress status (lipid and protein oxidation), hepatic function (AST and ALT levels), hormonal function (TSH, T4, FSH, LH and AMH), renal function (serum creatinine and urea), as well as possible subclinical kidney damage (urinary proteins and biomarkers of early kidney damage) were evaluated in farmer women who collect fruits and vegetables comparing with a group of women non-occupational exposed to pesticides but living in the same rural environment. Samples were taken periodically along one year to relate the observed effects to a chronic exposure. Our main results showed for the first time a subclinical kidney damage in a rural setting with indirect chronic exposure to pesticides. MDPI 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8198255/ /pubmed/34072924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115909 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Martin-Reina, Jose
Casanova, Alfredo G.
Dahiri, Bouchra
Fernández, Isaías
Fernández-Palacín, Ana
Bautista, Juan
Morales, Ana I.
Moreno, Isabel
Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title_full Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title_fullStr Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title_full_unstemmed Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title_short Adverse Health Effects in Women Farmers Indirectly Exposed to Pesticides
title_sort adverse health effects in women farmers indirectly exposed to pesticides
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8198255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072924
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115909
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