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Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis
The catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) to 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) is a key step in the production of polyurethanes; therefore, the development of efficient hydrogenation catalysts for industrial use is of paramount importance. In the present study, chromium(IV) oxide nanowires were...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8198398/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073013 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115945 |
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author | Hajdu, Viktória Jakab-Nácsa, Alexandra Muránszky, Gábor Kocserha, István Fiser, Béla Ferenczi, Tibor Nagy, Miklós Viskolcz, Béla Vanyorek, László |
author_facet | Hajdu, Viktória Jakab-Nácsa, Alexandra Muránszky, Gábor Kocserha, István Fiser, Béla Ferenczi, Tibor Nagy, Miklós Viskolcz, Béla Vanyorek, László |
author_sort | Hajdu, Viktória |
collection | PubMed |
description | The catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) to 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) is a key step in the production of polyurethanes; therefore, the development of efficient hydrogenation catalysts for industrial use is of paramount importance. In the present study, chromium(IV) oxide nanowires were decorated by palladium and platinum nanoparticles in a one-step, simple, and fast preparation method to yield highly efficient hydrogenation catalysts for immediate use. The nanoparticles were deposited onto the surface of CrO(2) nanowires by using ultrasonic cavitation and ethanol as a reduction agent. Beneficially, the catalyst became catalytically active right at the end of the preparation and no further treatment was necessary. The activity of the Pd- and Pt-decorated CrO(2) catalysts were compared in the hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Both catalysts have shown high activity in the hydrogenation tests. The DNT conversion exceeded 98% in both cases, whereas the 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) yields were 99.7 n/n% and 98.8 n/n%, with the Pd/CrO(2) and Pt/CrO(2), respectively, at 333 K and 20 bar H(2) pressure. In the case of the Pt/CrO(2) catalyst, 304.08 mol of TDA formed with 1 mol Pt after 1 h hydrogenation. Activation energies were also calculated to be approximately 24 kJ∙mol(−1). Besides their immediate applicability, our catalysts were well dispersible in the reaction medium (methanolic solution of DNT). Moreover, because of their magnetic behavior, the catalysts were easy to handle and remove from the reaction media by using a magnetic field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8198398 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81983982021-06-14 Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis Hajdu, Viktória Jakab-Nácsa, Alexandra Muránszky, Gábor Kocserha, István Fiser, Béla Ferenczi, Tibor Nagy, Miklós Viskolcz, Béla Vanyorek, László Int J Mol Sci Article The catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) to 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) is a key step in the production of polyurethanes; therefore, the development of efficient hydrogenation catalysts for industrial use is of paramount importance. In the present study, chromium(IV) oxide nanowires were decorated by palladium and platinum nanoparticles in a one-step, simple, and fast preparation method to yield highly efficient hydrogenation catalysts for immediate use. The nanoparticles were deposited onto the surface of CrO(2) nanowires by using ultrasonic cavitation and ethanol as a reduction agent. Beneficially, the catalyst became catalytically active right at the end of the preparation and no further treatment was necessary. The activity of the Pd- and Pt-decorated CrO(2) catalysts were compared in the hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Both catalysts have shown high activity in the hydrogenation tests. The DNT conversion exceeded 98% in both cases, whereas the 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) yields were 99.7 n/n% and 98.8 n/n%, with the Pd/CrO(2) and Pt/CrO(2), respectively, at 333 K and 20 bar H(2) pressure. In the case of the Pt/CrO(2) catalyst, 304.08 mol of TDA formed with 1 mol Pt after 1 h hydrogenation. Activation energies were also calculated to be approximately 24 kJ∙mol(−1). Besides their immediate applicability, our catalysts were well dispersible in the reaction medium (methanolic solution of DNT). Moreover, because of their magnetic behavior, the catalysts were easy to handle and remove from the reaction media by using a magnetic field. MDPI 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8198398/ /pubmed/34073013 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115945 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hajdu, Viktória Jakab-Nácsa, Alexandra Muránszky, Gábor Kocserha, István Fiser, Béla Ferenczi, Tibor Nagy, Miklós Viskolcz, Béla Vanyorek, László Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title | Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title_full | Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title_fullStr | Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title_short | Precious-Metal-Decorated Chromium(IV) Oxide Nanowires as Efficient Catalysts for 2,4-Toluenediamine Synthesis |
title_sort | precious-metal-decorated chromium(iv) oxide nanowires as efficient catalysts for 2,4-toluenediamine synthesis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8198398/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34073013 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115945 |
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