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Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes

Radiation-induced graft immobilization (RIGI) is a novel method for the covalent binding of substances on polymeric materials without the use of additional chemicals. In contrast to the well-known radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP), RIGI can use non-vinyl compounds such as small and large...

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Autores principales: Schmidt, Martin, Zahn, Stefan, Gehlhaar, Florian, Prager, Andrea, Griebel, Jan, Kahnt, Axel, Knolle, Wolfgang, Konieczny, Robert, Gläser, Roger, Schulze, Agnes
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111849
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author Schmidt, Martin
Zahn, Stefan
Gehlhaar, Florian
Prager, Andrea
Griebel, Jan
Kahnt, Axel
Knolle, Wolfgang
Konieczny, Robert
Gläser, Roger
Schulze, Agnes
author_facet Schmidt, Martin
Zahn, Stefan
Gehlhaar, Florian
Prager, Andrea
Griebel, Jan
Kahnt, Axel
Knolle, Wolfgang
Konieczny, Robert
Gläser, Roger
Schulze, Agnes
author_sort Schmidt, Martin
collection PubMed
description Radiation-induced graft immobilization (RIGI) is a novel method for the covalent binding of substances on polymeric materials without the use of additional chemicals. In contrast to the well-known radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP), RIGI can use non-vinyl compounds such as small and large functional molecules, hydrophilic polymers, or even enzymes. In a one-step electron-beam-based process, immobilization can be performed in a clean, fast, and continuous operation mode, as required for industrial applications. This study proposes a reaction mechanism using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and two small model molecules, glycine and taurine, in aqueous solution. Covalent coupling of single molecules is achieved by radical recombination and alkene addition reactions, with water radiolysis playing a crucial role in the formation of reactive solute species. Hydroxyl radicals contribute mainly to the immobilization, while solvated electrons and hydrogen radicals play a minor role. Release of fluoride is mainly induced by direct ionization of the polymer and supported by water. Hydrophobic chains attached to cations appear to enhance the covalent attachment of solutes to the polymer surface. Computational work is complemented by experimental studies, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluoride high-performance ion chromatography (HPIC).
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spelling pubmed-81996892021-06-14 Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes Schmidt, Martin Zahn, Stefan Gehlhaar, Florian Prager, Andrea Griebel, Jan Kahnt, Axel Knolle, Wolfgang Konieczny, Robert Gläser, Roger Schulze, Agnes Polymers (Basel) Article Radiation-induced graft immobilization (RIGI) is a novel method for the covalent binding of substances on polymeric materials without the use of additional chemicals. In contrast to the well-known radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP), RIGI can use non-vinyl compounds such as small and large functional molecules, hydrophilic polymers, or even enzymes. In a one-step electron-beam-based process, immobilization can be performed in a clean, fast, and continuous operation mode, as required for industrial applications. This study proposes a reaction mechanism using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and two small model molecules, glycine and taurine, in aqueous solution. Covalent coupling of single molecules is achieved by radical recombination and alkene addition reactions, with water radiolysis playing a crucial role in the formation of reactive solute species. Hydroxyl radicals contribute mainly to the immobilization, while solvated electrons and hydrogen radicals play a minor role. Release of fluoride is mainly induced by direct ionization of the polymer and supported by water. Hydrophobic chains attached to cations appear to enhance the covalent attachment of solutes to the polymer surface. Computational work is complemented by experimental studies, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluoride high-performance ion chromatography (HPIC). MDPI 2021-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8199689/ /pubmed/34199570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111849 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Schmidt, Martin
Zahn, Stefan
Gehlhaar, Florian
Prager, Andrea
Griebel, Jan
Kahnt, Axel
Knolle, Wolfgang
Konieczny, Robert
Gläser, Roger
Schulze, Agnes
Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title_full Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title_fullStr Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title_full_unstemmed Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title_short Radiation-Induced Graft Immobilization (RIGI): Covalent Binding of Non-Vinyl Compounds on Polymer Membranes
title_sort radiation-induced graft immobilization (rigi): covalent binding of non-vinyl compounds on polymer membranes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111849
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